IF amps for a superhet AM receiver

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the design and functionality of intermediate frequency (IF) amplifiers for a superheterodyne AM receiver, specifically focusing on the use of a 455KHz signal with an 18KHz bandwidth. Participants explore various circuit schematics, their components, and the necessary modifications to improve performance.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Exploratory

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants question whether the provided schematics are suitable for IF signals, noting the absence of bias resistors which could lead to insensitivity in amplification.
  • There is a discussion about the role of the variable capacitor in tuning the transformer to resonance and its placement in relation to the transformer winding.
  • Participants express confusion regarding the transformer design, particularly the unequal sizes of the inductors and the positioning of the taps.
  • Some participants suggest adding bias resistors to improve circuit functionality and inquire about the implications of doing so.
  • AGC (automatic gain control) is mentioned as a necessary feature for IF amplifiers, with some participants expressing reluctance to delve into its complexities.
  • One participant shares their experience with dual gate MOSFETs and unconventional transformer configurations to achieve surprising gain.
  • A participant shares an edited schematic for an AGC circuit and seeks feedback on its viability.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that the initial schematics lack essential components for effective IF amplification, particularly bias resistors and AGC. However, there is no consensus on the best approach to modify the circuit or the specific design choices regarding the transformer and capacitor placements.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the lack of detailed explanations for certain technical terms and concepts, as well as the potential dependency on specific circuit configurations that may not be universally applicable.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be useful for electronics enthusiasts, amateur radio operators, and students interested in RF circuit design and the practical challenges of building IF amplifiers.

  • #31
If you can find them, try to get the 14 pin LM380. This uses the centre 6 pins as a connection to a heat sink.

The output of these is much greater than most opamps. They also give very undistorted output.

A trick to make them stable is to connect an 82pF capacitor between the two inputs.

Also don't omit the series R/C network across the speaker. (12 ohms / 0.1uF)

You need the type of IF transformer used in transistor radios. The ones used in vacuum tube radios are not suitable.

Most of the transformers will have tappings on the windings, but you don't need them in this circuit.

You only need one transformer between stages. They should cost less than a dollar each on EBay.
 
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  • #32
Hi, first of all I have been following this topic as I always wanted to built a transceiver. I don't know much about this type of transformer but I guess that you have to check the impedance ratio between the primary and secondary windings. The data sheet only shows a single impedance ratio (between primary and secondary) therefore I guess all are centred tapped.
 
  • #33
The IF transformers used in older transistor radios have a capacitor across the larger winding and also have a ferrite slug which moves into both windings, changing their inductance.

Used with the input on the lower inductance winding, the secondary is almost an unloaded tuned circuit.

Viewed from the primary, the impedance rises at resonance and there is a large step-up of voltage from primary to secondary at resonance.
This is ideal for FET RF amplifiers which have a low impedance output and a high impedance input.

There is usually a tapping on the larger winding, but this is not needed in this circuit.

So, you can see that the action of the transformer is not just impedance transformation.
 
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