Ivan Seeking said:
I only know of two arguments against raising taxes on the wealty. The first is that higher taxes will reduce growth and investment. To that I say that not all taxes are the same. Credits and deductions providing incentives for investment do not exclude taxation on wealth that goes to lifestyle. And the rich can certainly spare a few bucks.
But the argument I want to address here is the issue of fairness. Many people claim it is unfair that almost half of Americans pay no taxes!
Of course that is incorrect. What is correct is that they paid no Federal income tax.
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3622644...finance/t/half-us-pays-no-federal-income-tax/
To that I respond with this:
http://reason.com/archives/1975/07/01/inside-ronald-reagan/4
The real question is, what pecentage of a person's income goes to all taxes paid, directly or indirectly? And this isn't just a number's game. In the case of the lower end of the income spectrum, the taxes paid may constitute a significant percentage of the minimum cost of survival, less living on the streets. When people are just barely getting by, those taxes are significant percentage of the cost of life [food, water, rent, power], not lifestyle.
We have to balance the budget. On that I think we all agree. The notion that this cost should all be carried by the poor and middle class is, in my view, morally and logically unacceptable, and unjustifiable.
In an effort to get back on topic - I'll respond to the OP - with an even longer post (sorry).
We clearly have a serious long term debt problem - as evidenced by the credit downgrade of the US on 8/5/2011.
We all agree there are 2 points of attack on the debt - spending controls and revenue management. The discourse revolves around who should pay and how much? Regardless of ongoing debates, how we got to this point is irrelevant to the creditors - they just want to be paid.
To engage in a fair discussion of how to manage the finances of the State- the total liabilities of the US must be taken into consideration. The total includes unfunded liabilities and all contractual obligations. In business, the total debt is carried on the balance sheet as a liability - there is no reason not to use the business model to analyze the problem.
Once the total liabilities are determined, a projection of when those amounts are due and payable must also be determined. This will serve as the framework - the "what" and "when" parts of the problem.
Next we need to look at actual cash flows. This includes current source and use of funds and models to predict short term variables.
When all of this data is scored and inserted into the framework - the specific differences between revenues and spending will be plotted over time (and subject to the known variables). The difference or gap between spending and revenues over time is the problem to solve.
The management of cost controls is a never ending task - an ever-present task to eliminate duplication and waste - and IMO - show be a priority of managers at every level of Government. The decisions to increase spending must be made within the available budget - not mandate spending first and then figure out how to pay the bill at some future date.
The management of revenues should also be measured and fair. IMO - the burden of payment should be spread evenly amongst all US citizens and legal entities subject to taxation.
America is the land of opportunity - anyone can become successful and/or wealthy. Accordingly, the Government has made every effort to balance the playing field and eliminate barriers to success and minimum wage and benefit standards wherever possible.
Unless stricken by disease or accident or some other special circumstance, it is typically a matter of personal choice for an individual to not make an effort to succeed to their full personal potential. It is a reality that some individuals choose to break laws, depend on others for support, or just "get by" any way possible. This is not a judgment - if that's their plan - they should be fully aware of the potential consequences of their actions. These people that plan to avoid the law and to not succeed should also not be counted on to pay their fair share - IMO - they should be discounted.
The second group of people (working people) are the ones who follow the rules and do their best to earn a living and live the American dream. These person earn anywhere from minimum wage to (President Obama's amount) $250,000. This group more than likely has a mortgage, revolving credit, education related debt, and other debt - possibly living on a monthly budget or even paycheck to paycheck. A predictable net income and expenses are very important to this group.
The third group are those persons that are very successful (executives) and reach or exceed their dreams. This is a group that leverages a higher return on assets and has an ability to pay taxes - the ones President Obama refers to when he talks about person who earn over $250,000 per year up to millions and billions. The likely hood of personal debt as a percentage of income (should) decrease as income increases.
The last group of persons are those who had a head-start on wealth and strive to maintain their position - sometimes growth is not realistic and instead they live off sales of (previously taxed) assets or returns on productive assets and passive investments. This group is an easy target of rhetoric due to "wealth" - but quite possibly a disappointing source of income tax.
Every group pays sales tax (about 7% average?) and imbedded taxes (fuel and utilities) - unless 100% dependent upon Government support (possible given re-distribution combined with benefits). The "working people" pay up to the maximum Social Security limits and other payroll taxes, might be eligible for redistribution (up to about $50,000 gross), and are subject to federal income taxes. The "executive group" is subject to all forms of taxes and ineligible for income redistribution programs - including Social Security maximum limit.
Given all of the above, the revenue management decision involves maximizing tax collections in a fair manner that doesn't favor one group over the other - correct? Under our current system, lower income "working people" might be eligible for redistribution but can also reach a maximum Social Security threshold. High income individuals receive special consideration to account for re-investment and charitable contributions.
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The question Ivan posed is what is fair and who should pay what - IMO - that is valid.
First, the EITC was designed to offset the Social Security payroll deduction for lower income “working people”. I’m not sure this is fair – given this group will most rely on Social Security benefits and previous groups of tax payers at this same income level were not excluded. As for the SS maximum – I think it’s fair to eliminate the cap on both contributions and disbursements – the more you contribute the more you collect – SS benefits were taxable as regular income over $32,000 married in 2010.
Next, the Medicare contribution to Part A needs to be increased for everyone asap - deductibles and co-insurance amounts are already under review on the spending side.
State and Federal unemployment deductions will probably also need an increase if the extensions are made permanent or additional jobs re-training programs are added.
IMO – we need to consider a standardized (no fault) Workers Comp/Supplemental Income plan funded through payroll deductions – but not likely.
Switching gears a bit, both “working people” and “executives” have made financing decisions on real property with a mortgage interest deduction factored in – it should be continued.
Continuing, if the threshold for “poverty” is established at $30,000 for a couple with 4 children (there are charts every family size) – might we assume 100% of the earnings are consumed at this level – and the tax redistributions back to the family are the annual major purchase or mad money? If so,
this might be a good starting point for tax policy (standard deduction)?
Why not (in addition to removing caps on SS contributions and keeping the mortgage deduction)
set a flat tax THAT WILL PAY CURRENT OBLIGATIONS OF US AND RETIRE DEBT OVER TIME (perhaps) 20% (for example) for all income (and benefits) above this level – for everyone?
If the family with 4 kids has an income of $60,000 and paid $5,000 in interest mortgage they would pay income taxes on (60,000 – 30,000 – 5,000 = 25,000 @ 20% = $5,000) 5000/60000 =
.083% plus payroll deductions. On $300,000, they would pay (300,000 – 30,000 – 5,000 = 265,000 @ 20% = 53,000) 53000/300000 =
.1767% plus payroll deductions.
Would this be fair?