Inside a Conductor: Understanding Zero Electric and Magnetic Fields

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the conditions under which both electric and magnetic fields are zero inside a conductor, particularly focusing on ideal conductors and the implications of Maxwell's equations. The scope includes theoretical aspects of electromagnetism and the behavior of fields in conductive materials.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions why both electric and magnetic fields are zero inside a conductor, noting a lack of detailed explanation in their reference material.
  • Another participant suggests that in an ideal conductor, any magnetic field induces eddy currents at the surface that cancel the magnetic field inside.
  • A different viewpoint uses Maxwell's equations to argue that if the electric field is zero throughout a volume, then there is no change in the electric field over time, leading to no magnetic field sources.
  • One participant expresses gratitude for the insights shared in the discussion.
  • Another participant challenges earlier claims by stating that while a perfect conductor cannot have a changing magnetic field, it can have a static magnetic field, and notes that superconductors exhibit different behavior due to quantum effects.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the behavior of magnetic fields in conductors, particularly regarding the distinction between classical and quantum effects, indicating that the discussion remains unresolved with multiple competing perspectives.

Contextual Notes

Some assumptions about the nature of ideal conductors and the definitions of static versus changing fields are not fully explored, leaving room for further clarification.

Swapnil
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Why is it that BOTH electric AND magnetic fields are zero inside the conductor. My book says that the H-field is zero due to the fact that the E-field is zero but doesn't give any detailed explanation.
 
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I think you already saw the post regarding zero E field. In an ideal conductor any H field will induce eddy currents at the surface that perfectly cancel the magnetic field inside.
 
also, if you think about it using Maxwell's equations, if for a non-zero volume the E field is identically zero at all locations and in time, then there is no dE/dt as a source of a magnetic field. and because

[tex]\nabla \cdot \mathbf{B} = 0[/tex]

there are no sole (monopole) sources of a magnetic field.
 
Great! Thanks guys. :smile:
 
Actually this is not entirely correct. According to *classical* EM, a perfect conductor cannot have any *change* in magnetic field, but it can have in principle a non-zero static magnetic field. It is a pure quantum effect that a superconductor cannot have a magnetic field inside. If it were a classical perfect conductor, it would simply "freeze in" the existing magnetic field at the moment of its transition to "perfect conductor".
 

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