A sphere (inside or outside) has positive curvature. Any direction in which you choose to measure, it will curve in the same direction. If the surface is extended far enough it will be closed.
An example of a shape that has a negative curvature is a saddle. If you go front-to-back it curves one way; but side-to-side it curves in a different direction. A saddle shape, if extended indefinitely, is open.