Internal and external pressures

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The sum of the external and internal pressure will determine the overall stress on the pipeline. In summary, the combination of external pressure (hydrostatic) and internal pressure on a submerged pipeline will determine the overall stress on the pipeline, with the pressure difference being the determining factor. Most equations only consider one or the other, but both should be taken into account simultaneously for an accurate assessment of stress.
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DeanE123
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Hello,

Could someone please if possible explain the affects of external pressure (hydrostatic) in combination with internal pressure on a submerged pipelines stresses (hoop, longitudinal, radial) Most equations I have came across only seem to consider 1 or the other and not both simultaneously?

Thanks,
 
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  • #2
DeanE123 said:
Hello,

Could someone please if possible explain the affects of external pressure (hydrostatic) in combination with internal pressure on a submerged pipelines stresses (hoop, longitudinal, radial) Most equations I have came across only seem to consider 1 or the other and not both simultaneously?

Thanks,
I would think that at any given point what matters is the pressure difference.
 

1. What is the difference between internal and external pressures?

Internal pressures refer to the forces and stressors that come from within an individual or system, such as personal beliefs, values, and goals. External pressures, on the other hand, come from outside sources, such as societal norms, cultural expectations, and environmental factors.

2. How do internal and external pressures affect decision-making?

Both internal and external pressures can greatly influence an individual's decision-making process. Internal pressures can shape one's personal values and beliefs, which can impact the choices they make. External pressures, such as peer pressure or societal expectations, can also sway decision-making by creating a desire to conform or meet certain standards.

3. Can internal and external pressures be positive or negative?

Yes, both internal and external pressures can have positive or negative effects. Positive internal pressures, such as personal motivation and drive, can lead to success and achievement. Negative external pressures, such as discrimination and societal expectations, can have detrimental effects on an individual's well-being and mental health.

4. How can individuals manage external pressures?

There are several ways individuals can manage external pressures. One approach is to identify and challenge societal norms and expectations that may not align with one's personal values. Building a strong support system and setting boundaries can also help individuals cope with external pressures. Seeking professional help and practicing self-care can also be beneficial.

5. How can organizations address internal and external pressures in the workplace?

Organizations can address internal and external pressures in the workplace by promoting a positive and inclusive work culture, providing resources for employees to manage stress and pressure, and creating a supportive and understanding environment. It is also important for organizations to be aware of and address any systemic or cultural pressures that may be present in the workplace.

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