Internal vs external force - conservation of momentum in one dimension

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the conservation of momentum in a collision experiment involving two gliders, A and B, on a frictionless surface. Glider A, with an initial speed v(0), collides with glider B, which has a spring-loaded plunger. The key conclusion is that the momentum of the system at time t(f) remains equal to the momentum at time t(i), despite the internal forces exerted by the plunger, affirming that momentum is conserved in a closed system where only internal forces act.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's second law (F=ma)
  • Knowledge of conservation of momentum principles
  • Familiarity with impulse and its effect on momentum
  • Basic concepts of elastic and inelastic collisions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the implications of internal vs external forces on momentum conservation
  • Learn about impulse-momentum theorem and its applications
  • Explore examples of elastic and inelastic collisions in physics
  • Investigate the role of frictionless surfaces in momentum experiments
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Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and momentum conservation, as well as educators seeking to clarify concepts related to collisions and forces.

letoiledemer
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Homework Statement



This problem concerns a collision experiment performed on a frictionless surface with gliders A and B, with masses m(a) and m(b) respectively.

In a level track, glider B has a spring-loaded plunger attached to it. At time t(i), glider A moves to the right with speed v(0), and glider B is at rest. The plunger is initially compressed, and it is released when the gliders come into contact. At time t(f), glider A moves to the left with speed greater than v(0).

Is the magnitude of the momentum of the system of the two gliders at time t(f) greater than, less than or equal to the magnitude of the momentum of the system at time t(i)? Explain.

Homework Equations



F=ma
conservation of momentum : mivi = mfvf

The Attempt at a Solution



At first I thought that this the momentum of the system at t(f) must be greater than at t(i), because the plunger "pushes" A, adding an extra force to glider A, (this would be the impulse, so change in momentum added to the glider?). But would this force be counted as an internal force versus an external force instead, and so momentum is conserved?
 
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The system comprises the two gliders which only "push" against each other, nothing else. You can't make a reactionless rocket so I'd say the total system momentum is the same.
 
Thanks! That makes sense.
 

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