Is the Proof for Cl(S ∪ T) ⊆ Cl(S) ∪ Cl(T) Correct in Topology?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the proof of the theorem Cl(S ∪ T) ⊆ Cl(S) ∪ Cl(T) in topology. The user attempts to demonstrate this by analyzing limit points of the union of two sets, S and T. They express uncertainty about their proof's validity, particularly regarding the intersection of neighborhoods with S and T. Ultimately, it is concluded that the proof is incomplete and that a contrapositive approach may be more effective for establishing the theorem.

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  • Understanding of topological concepts, specifically closures and limit points.
  • Familiarity with set operations in topology, such as unions and intersections.
  • Knowledge of proof techniques, including direct proofs and contrapositives.
  • Basic principles of open sets and neighborhoods in a topological space.
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  • Study the properties of closures in topology, focusing on Cl(S ∪ T).
  • Learn about limit points and their significance in topological proofs.
  • Explore contrapositive proof techniques in mathematical logic.
  • Review examples of proofs involving unions of sets in topology.
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Students of topology, mathematicians working on set theory, and anyone interested in understanding the properties of closures and limit points in topological spaces.

arty21
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Homework Statement


Cl(S \cup T)= Cl(S) \cup Cl(T)

Homework Equations


I'm using the fact that the closure of a set is equal to itself union its limit points.

The Attempt at a Solution


I am just having trouble with showing Cl(S \cup T) \subset Cl(S) \cup Cl(T). I can prove this one way, but I figured out another way that I prefer and want to know if there is any flaw in it:

Basically it boils down to showing the limit points of S \cup T is a subset of the limit points of S union the limit points of T. So, if x is a limit point of S \cup T then every open set U containing x intersects S \cup T in a point other than x. Hence, x is a limit point of S or T.

I keep going back and forth. Sometimes I feel like this is fine and other times I feel like I'm making an error because if x is a limit point of S this means that every neighborhood of x intersects x in a point other than x. But in the proof I just gave, we know every neighborhood of x intersects S \cup T in a point other than x, so we don't know if it necessarily always in S or T. I don't know why I'm having so much trouble with this! I think I am just over thinking it or something. So is this proof fine then?
 
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Well, I think you've figured out exactly what the problem is. And it is a problem. It's good to have a feeling for when a proof is incomplete. You haven't proved it this way.
 
I'm not certain this can be proved directly like this, but the contrapositive is pretty easy to show. If x is not in Cl(S)∪Cl(T), then show it can't be in Cl(S∪T).
 

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