Is there any state of matter colder than solid?

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SUMMARY

Solid is not the coldest state of matter; helium remains liquid down to absolute zero under ordinary pressures. Additionally, Bose-Einstein condensates represent a state of matter that can be considered "colder" than solids, as they occur when a large number of identical bosons occupy the same quantum state at extremely low temperatures. Understanding these states requires knowledge of quantum mechanics and the behavior of particles at low temperatures.

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  • Quantum mechanics fundamentals
  • Understanding of bosons and their properties
  • Knowledge of phase transitions in materials
  • Basic thermodynamics concepts
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  • Research Bose-Einstein condensates and their formation conditions
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Students of physics, particularly those interested in quantum mechanics, thermodynamics, and material science. This discussion is beneficial for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of states of matter and low-temperature physics.

Quantum Velocity
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I know that Quark-gluon plasma is the hotter state of matter that we know.
Soo is solid the coldest state of matter ?
If there is no so sorry for my stupid brain!
 
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Quantum Velocity said:
is solid the coldest state of matter

Not necessarily. First, at least one substance--helium--never forms a solid at ordinary pressures, it stays liquid all the way down to absolute zero.

Second, at cold enough temperatures, some materials can form Bose-Einstein condensates, which could be thought of as a "colder" state of matter than an ordinary solid.
 
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ok thanks for helping
 
PeterDonis said:
some materials can form Bose-Einstein condensates, which could be thought of as a "colder" state of matter than an ordinary solid.
what is a Bose-Einstein condnsates i seach in google but i don't understand it
 
Quantum Velocity said:
what is a Bose-Einstein condnsates

Basically it's when a large number of identical bosons (quantum particles with integral spin) are all in the same quantum state; this happens because when one boson is in a given state, the probability for other identical bosons to be in the same quantum state increases.

Quantum Velocity said:
i seach in google

Did you find this page?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bose–Einstein_condensate
 
Im just a 13 years old kid i don't understand the wiki stuff unless some one explain it to me.
But thanks u btw!
 
Quantum Velocity said:
Im just a 13 years old kid

Then you probably don't (yet) have the background knowledge to understand the theory behind Bose-Einstein condensates. If and when you get to the point of studying quantum mechanics in general, you will be in a better position to do so.
 
Basically Bose-Einstein condensates are supercooled matter in which all atoms are at the lowest energy state.
 
PeterDonis said:
Then you probably don't (yet) have the background knowledge to understand the theory behind Bose-Einstein condensates
i even still have a hard time with calculus
 
  • #10
PeterDonis said:
Not necessarily. First, at least one substance--helium--never forms a solid at ordinary pressures, it stays liquid all the way down to absolute zero.

At a certain pressure range, ##^3 He## is actually liquid at a lower temperature than where it's solid - an exothermic melting by cooling.
 
  • #11
hilbert2 said:
exothermic melting
Wow there is a melting by throw alway heat
 

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