MHB Is This Week's POTW Centered on an Anti-Holomorphic Function?

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    2016
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The discussion centers on proving that the complex function F(z) defined by a double integral is anti-holomorphic within the open unit disk and holomorphic in its complement. Participants are encouraged to explore the properties of the function and its conjugate. The problem remains unanswered by the community, indicating a challenge in finding a solution. A solution is provided by the original poster, which can be reviewed for insights. The thread emphasizes the importance of understanding the distinctions between holomorphic and anti-holomorphic functions in complex analysis.
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Here is this week's POTW:

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Show that the complex function

$$F(z) = \frac{1}{\pi}\int_0^1 \int_{-\pi}^\pi \frac{r}{re^{i\theta} + z}\, d\theta\, dr$$

is anti-holomorhpic (i.e., the conjugate $\bar{F}$ is holomorphic) in the open unit disc, $\Bbb D$, and holomoprhic in complement $\Bbb C \setminus \bar{\Bbb D}$ of the closed unit disc.
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Remember to read the http://www.mathhelpboards.com/showthread.php?772-Problem-of-the-Week-%28POTW%29-Procedure-and-Guidelines to find out how to http://www.mathhelpboards.com/forms.php?do=form&fid=2!
 
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No one answered this week's problem. You can read my solution below.
If $z = 0$, then by $F(z) = \frac{1}{\pi} \int_0^1 \int_{-\pi}^\pi e^{-i\theta}\, d\theta\, dr = 0$. For $0 < r < 1$ and $z\in \Bbb C\setminus \{0\}$,

$$\int_{-\pi}^\pi \frac{r}{re^{i\theta} + z}\, d\theta = \oint_{\lvert w\rvert = r} \frac{r}{w + z}\frac{dw}{iw} = \frac{r}{iz}\oint_{\lvert w\rvert = r} \left(\frac{1}{w} - \frac{1}{w + z}\right)\, dw = \frac{r}{iz}\cdot 2\pi i(1 - \delta_{\lvert z\rvert < r}) = \frac{2\pi r}{z}(1 - \delta_{\lvert z\rvert < r}), $$

where $\delta_{\lvert z\rvert < r}$ equals $1$ when $\lvert z\rvert < r$ and $0$ if $\lvert z\rvert > r$. Thus

$$F(z) = \frac{1}{\pi} \int_0^1 \frac{2\pi r}{z}(1 - \delta_{\lvert z \rvert < r})\, dr = \frac{1}{z} \int_0^1 2r(1 - \delta_{\lvert z \rvert < r})\, dr$$

If $0 < \lvert z \rvert < 1$, then

$$F(z) = \frac{1}{z}\int_0^{\lvert z\rvert} 2r(1 - \delta_{\lvert z\rvert < r})\, dr + \frac{1}{z}\int_{\lvert z\rvert}^1 2r(1 - \delta_{\lvert z\rvert < r})\, dr = \frac{1}{z}\int_0^{\lvert z\rvert} 2r\, dr + \frac{1}{z}\int_{\lvert z\rvert}^1 2r(0)\, dr = \frac{\lvert z\rvert^2}{z} = \bar{z}$$

If $\lvert z \rvert > 1$, then

$$F(z) = \frac{1}{z}\int_0^1 2r\, dr = \frac{1}{z}$$

In summary,

$$F(z) = \begin{cases} \bar{z}, & z\in \Bbb D\\\frac{1}{z}, & z\in \Bbb C\setminus \bar{\Bbb D}\end{cases}$$

In particular, $F(z)$ is holomorphic in $\Bbb C \setminus \bar{\Bbb D}$. Since the conjugate of $F(z)$ is $z$ in $\Bbb D$, $F$ is antiholomorphic in $\Bbb D$.