Is Tidal Circularisation of Orbits a Tricky Concept?

Join the discussion
Ask a follow-up here, or get your own question answered by working scientists, mathematicians and engineers — people, not an autocomplete.
Real named experts · corrections over time · the nuance an AI answer skips
2 replies · 2K views
thespoonftw
Messages
2
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement



A body on an orbit with semi-major axis a and eccentricity e undergoes tidal circularisation.

Show that the orbit will circularise at a semi-major axis, acirc, given by

acirc = 2rperi = 2a (1 − e).

Homework Equations



No equations given, but I think the following could be useful

E = -GMm/2a
e2 = 1 - b2/a2

The Attempt at a Solution



An earlier part of the question hints at L conservation

Equating centripetal force and grav force for the circular orbit gives:
L = m (GMR)0.5

Finding the velocity at the closest point in orbit r = a(1-e)

E = -GMm/2a = 1/2 mv2 - GMm/a(1-e)

simplifies to
v2 = GM(1+e)/rp

Equating L2
L2 = GMm2 rp (1+e) = GMm2 rc

Finally:
rc = rp (1+e)

This is close to the final answer, but not quite!
Somethings gone wrong somewhere but I'm sure what.. I've checked my working several times.
Sorry a lot of my working lines are missing, it's quite tricky to type them all out.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
You have to find out which quantities are conserved during the process. Energy, angular momentum, or something else?

thespoonftw said:
acirc = 2rperi = 2a (1 − e).
That cannot be the final semi-major axis. Consider the trivial case of e=0, for example, where the semi-major axis will certainly not double.
It could be twice the semi-major axis.
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: thespoonftw
Oh, well spotted with the trivial case.
Yea it looks like there's something wrong the question, and i think my method was fine.
Thanks for your time.