Kinetic Energy of Rotating Solid disk or cylinder about symmetry axis

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the kinetic energy of a horizontal merry-go-round, modeled as a solid cylinder, subjected to a tangential force. The merry-go-round has a weight of 845 N and a radius of 4.3 m. After applying a force of 74 N for 2.2 seconds, the total kinetic energy is determined to be 461.54 J, which includes both angular and linear components. The analysis confirms that if the axis of rotation is fixed, the linear kinetic energy is effectively zero, as the center of mass does not move.

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  • Understanding of rotational dynamics, specifically the moment of inertia (I) for solid cylinders.
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  • Knowledge of kinetic energy formulas for both linear and angular motion.
  • Basic grasp of Newton's second law (F = ma) and its application in rotational systems.
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Homework Statement


A horizontal 845.0 N merry-go-round with
a radius of 4.3 m is started from rest by a
constant horizontal force of 74.0 N applied
tangentially to the merry-go-round. Find the
kinetic energy of the merry-go-round after
2.2 s. Assume it is a solid cylinder. The
acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s2

Homework Equations


I of MGR = 1/2mR²
angular KE = 1/2Iw2
F = ma
linear KE = 1/2mv²
τ=αI = FR

The Attempt at a Solution


weight of MGR = 845 N
mass of MGR = 845/9.81 = 86.1366 kg
R = 4.3 m
I of MGR = 1/2mR² = (0.5)(86.1366 kg)(4.3 m)² = 796.3328 kgm²
applied tangential force (F) = 74 N
time F is applied = t = 2.2 s

Torque applied = (74 N)(4.3 m) = Iα
α = 318.2 N·m/796.3328 kgm² = 0.39958 rad/s²
w = αt = (0.39958 rad/s²)(2.2 s) = 0.8790797 rad/s
angular KE = 1/2Iw² = (0.5)(796.3328 kgm²)(0.8790797 rad/s)² = 307.695468 J

F = ma
a = F/m = 74 N/86.1366 kg = 0.85910054 m/s²
v = at = (.85910054 m/s² )(2.2 s) = 1.8900212 m/s
linear KE = 1/2mv² = (0.5)(86.1366 kg)(1.8900212 m/s)² = 153.8477 J

TOTAL KE = 1/2Iw² + 1/2mv² = 307.695468 J + 153.8477 J = 461.5432 J

Possible reason for missing problem: Not sure if this is correct, but I think that there is no linear KE because the center of mass of the object is not moving. Therefore, I think the correct answer is 307.695468 J. I don't know if this line of reasoning is correct or not?
 
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Of course, linear KE = 0 .

The axis of the MGR is fixed.
If the axis would not be fixed, you "angular+linear" calculation would be wrong anyway.
You would then need to specify the problem more precisely: what would be the meaning of a tangential force?
How could a tangential force accelerate the center of mass and put the MGR into rotation both together at the rate would indicated?
 

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