Level Surfaces & Intersection of a Graph: Exploring $f(x,y,z) = x^2+y^2$

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the level surfaces and intersections of the function \( f(x, y, z) = x^2 + y^2 \). The level surfaces are defined as \( \{(x, y, z) \mid x^2 + y^2 = c\} \), where for \( c = 0 \) the level set is the \( z \)-axis, for \( c < 0 \) it is the empty set, and for \( c > 0 \) it forms a cylinder. The intersections with vertical planes yield parabolas, specifically in the \( xz \) and \( yz \) planes. The discussion emphasizes the importance of specifying the radius when describing the cylinder for \( c > 0 \).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of level surfaces in multivariable calculus
  • Familiarity with the concept of intersections in three-dimensional space
  • Knowledge of parabolic equations and their graphical representations
  • Basic proficiency in mathematical notation and functions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of level surfaces in multivariable functions
  • Learn about the geometric interpretations of intersections with vertical planes
  • Explore the implications of varying the constant \( c \) in level surface equations
  • Investigate the relationship between level curves and their three-dimensional counterparts
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in mathematics, particularly those focusing on multivariable calculus, as well as anyone interested in geometric interpretations of functions and their level sets.

mathmari
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Hey! :o

Draw or describe the level surface and an intersection of the graph for the function $$f: \mathbb{R}^3 \rightarrow \mathbb{R}, (x, y, z) \rightarrow x^2+y^2$$

I have done the following:

The level surfaces are defined by $$\{(x, y, z) \mid x^2+y^2=c\}$$

- For $c=0$ we have that $x^2+y^2=0$. So for $c=0$, the level set consists of the $z-$axis.
- For $c<0$, the level set is the empty set.

For $c>0$, the level set is the cylinder $x^2+y^2=c$.

Is this correct?? (Wondering)

Could I improve something?? (Wondering)

How can we describe an intersection?? (Wondering)
 
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Hi! (Blush)

mathmari said:
Is this correct?? (Wondering)

Yep. (Nod)

Could I improve something?? (Wondering)

Nope. (Shake)

How can we describe an intersection?? (Wondering)

I'm not sure what is intended here. Can you clarify? Or give an example? (Wondering)

As I see it, the cylinder surface is an intersection of the function with the level $c$.
Or perhaps an intersection with a plane is intended, in which case an ellipse will come out (possibly degenerated). (Thinking)
 
I like Serena said:
Nope. (Shake)

When I describe the level set at the case when $c>0$ is it enough to say that it is a cylinder or do I have to say also something else for example to mention the radius?? (Wondering)
I like Serena said:
I'm not sure what is intended here. Can you clarify? Or give an example? (Wondering)

As I see it, the cylinder surface is an intersection of the function with the level $c$.
Or perhaps an intersection with a plane is intended, in which case an ellipse will come out (possibly degenerated). (Thinking)

In my book there is the following definition:

The intersection of the graph of $f$ is the intersection of the graph with a vertical plane.

For example, if we have $f(x, y)=x^2+y^2$ we have the following:

If $P_1$ is the plane $xz$ in $\mathbb{R}^3$ that is defined by $y=0$, then the intersection of $f$ is the set $$P_1 \cap \text{ graph } f=\{(x, y, z) \mid y=0, z=x^2\}$$
that is a parabola in the plane $xz$.
Similarily, if $P_2$ is the plane $yz$, that is defined by $x=0$, then the intersection $$P_2 \cap \text{ graph } f=\{(x, y, z) \mid x=0, z=y^2\}$$ is a parabola in the plane $yz$.
So, do we take which vertical plane we want?? (Wondering)
 
It would be nice to mention the radius.

Isn't your example the same as your problem? (Wondering)
 

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