L'hopital's Rule and f''(a) Existence

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the application of L'Hôpital's Rule to demonstrate that limh→0 [(f(a+h)-2f(a)+f(a-h))/h2] = f''(a) for a differentiable function f: ℝ→ℝ, where f''(a) exists. Participants express concerns about verifying the conditions for L'Hôpital's Rule, particularly regarding the differentiability and continuity of f in specific intervals. The consensus indicates that if f''(a) exists, then f' must be differentiable in the interval (-2a, 2a) \ {0} and continuous in [-2a, 2a]. The discussion clarifies that continuity and differentiability must be established in the context of limits approaching zero.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of L'Hôpital's Rule
  • Knowledge of differentiability and continuity in calculus
  • Familiarity with limits and their properties
  • Concept of second derivatives and their implications
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  • Review the conditions for applying L'Hôpital's Rule in calculus
  • Study the implications of the existence of second derivatives on the differentiability of first derivatives
  • Explore examples of limits involving second derivatives and their proofs
  • Investigate continuity and differentiability in various intervals for real-valued functions
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Students studying calculus, particularly those focusing on limits, derivatives, and the application of L'Hôpital's Rule. This discussion is beneficial for anyone seeking to deepen their understanding of the relationship between differentiability and continuity in real analysis.

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Homework Statement



I have to show that limh->0 [(f(a+h)-2f(a)+f(a-h))/h2] = f''(a) where f:R->R is differentiable, a is a real number and f''(a) exists.

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The Attempt at a Solution



I have applied l'hospital's rule as the question advises and have got to f''(a). However, my problem lies in checking the conditions for l'hospital's rule each time. I'm ok with showing the f(x) (numerator) and g(x) are zero when x=0 for each case. However, I am unsure which region I can take for differentiable and continuous. I thought maybe differentiable on (-2a,2a) \ {0} and continuous on [-2a,2a]. I have used these regions each time. But I am also unsure if I can claim that as f''(a) exists then f' is differentiable in the region (-2a,2a)/{0} and continuous in [-2a,2a]. If f''(a) exists, f' is not necessarily differentiable in this region? Or is it? I wasn't sure what else I could do.
 
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Or would it be better to say continuous in the region [a-2h,a+2h], differentiable in the region (a-2h,a+2h)\{0}. Is this allowed even though h is tending to 0?
 

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