Locally path connected implies path connected

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on proving that an open and connected subset E of a locally path connected metric space X is path connected. Key concepts include the definitions of open sets, connected sets, and path connected sets. The solution involves demonstrating that the set Y of points path connected to a fixed point x is open and that its complement E-Y is also open, leading to a contradiction if E is not path connected. The proof relies on the transitive property of path connectivity among points.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of metric spaces and their properties
  • Familiarity with the definitions of open, connected, and path connected sets
  • Knowledge of basic topology concepts, particularly in relation to path connectivity
  • Ability to construct proofs in a mathematical context
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of locally path connected spaces in topology
  • Learn about the implications of connectedness in metric spaces
  • Explore examples of path connected sets and their characteristics
  • Investigate the role of open sets in topology and their significance in proofs
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Mathematics students, particularly those studying topology, as well as educators and researchers interested in the properties of metric spaces and connectedness.

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Homework Statement


We say the metric space X is locally path connected (lpc) if all balls are path connected sets.

Suppose X is lpc and that E is an open and connected subset of X. Prove that E is path connected.

Homework Equations


A set is open if every point is an interior point. A set is connected if it cannot be written as the union of two open, disjoint, non-empty sets. A set is path connected if given any two points x,y in the set, there exists a path between them.


The Attempt at a Solution


None really. My professor suggested that for a fixed x, I consider the set Y of all y that are path connected to x and show that this set is all of E by somehow showing that if it were not, I could disconnect the space using Y and Y complement.

I just don't see the direction that this problem could take. Is it long? Is it short but requires ingenuity? What should I try to do? Where am I trying to end up?

Help, it's hard!
 
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It's not hard and doesn't require any stunning ingenuity. You just have to think clearly. Can you show Y is open? The main ingredient you need is that if a,b and c are three points, and a is path connected to b and b is path connected to c then a is path connected to c. Now can you show E-Y (the set of all points in E that aren't in Y) is also open? That's your disconnection.
 

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