Magnetorquers and reaction wheels?

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on the physics of magnetorquers and reaction wheels used in satellite attitude determination and control. Reaction wheels operate based on Newton's third law, where accelerating a wheel causes the satellite to rotate in the opposite direction. Magnetorquers utilize electromagnetic coils to create a magnetic field that interacts with the Earth's magnetic field, generating torque for attitude control and stabilization. Both systems are essential for precise satellite maneuvering.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's third law of motion
  • Familiarity with satellite attitude control systems
  • Knowledge of electromagnetic principles
  • Basic concepts of torque and angular momentum
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the design and operation of reaction wheels in satellite systems
  • Explore the principles of magnetorquers and their applications in spacecraft
  • Learn about satellite stabilization techniques using magnetorquers
  • Investigate the interaction between satellite systems and Earth's magnetic field
USEFUL FOR

Aerospace engineers, satellite system designers, and students studying satellite dynamics and control systems will benefit from this discussion.

vanihba
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What is the physics behind magnetorquers and reaction wheels which help in satellite attitude determination and control?
 
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When you accelerate a reaction wheel, the satellite moves in the opposite direction. (Newtons third law) Using a couple of these you can turn the satellite in any direction.

For the magnetorquer, I can give the explanation from the wikipedia article: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetorquer

In satellite systems, a magnetorquer or magnetic torquer is a system for attitude control, detumbling and stabilization built from electromagnetic coils. The magnetorquer develops a magnetic field which interfaces with an ambient magnetic field, usually the Earth's, so that the counter-forces produced provide useful torque.
 

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