Magnitude of the Charge on Each Ball

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the magnitude of the charge on two equally charged pith balls, each weighing 2.5 g and suspended 48 cm apart at a 10° angle from the vertical. The formula used is derived from Coulomb's law, specifically F = (k q^2) / r^2, where k is the electrostatic constant (9 x 10^9 N m²/C²). The calculated charge on each ball is approximately 4.1E-9 C, with the force acting on each ball determined to be 2.14 x 10^-3 N.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Coulomb's Law and electrostatic forces
  • Familiarity with trigonometric functions, particularly the cosine rule
  • Knowledge of basic physics concepts such as mass, gravity, and equilibrium
  • Ability to perform calculations involving square roots and scientific notation
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of Coulomb's Law and its applications in electrostatics
  • Learn about the cosine rule and its use in solving triangle-related problems
  • Explore the concept of equilibrium in physics, focusing on forces in two dimensions
  • Investigate the implications of charge interactions in different materials and conditions
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding electrostatic forces and charge interactions in a practical context.

chunkytuna21
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Two 2.5 g pith balls hang in air on cotton threads 48 cm long from a common point of support. The balls are then equally charged and they spring apart, each making an angle of 10° with the vertical. Find the magnitude of the charge on each ball.

F = (k q1 q2) / r^2

Q1 and Q2 are the same so
F = (k q^2) / r^2
q = sqrt[ (F r^2) / k ]

where r is the distance between the balls (taken as point charges)

Using cosine rule, a^2 = b^2 + c^2 - 2 b c cosA
where a = r
b and c = 0.48m
A = 10 degrees
a = sqrt( 2 * 0.48^2 - 2 * 0.48^2 * cos 10)
r = 0.0083669513m

F = force on each ball
F = mass * acceleration due to gravity * sin (5 degrees)
F = 0.0025kg * 9.81 * sin(5)
F = 2.14 * 10^-3

k = electrostatic constant = 9 * 10^9 N m^2 C^-2

so q = sqrt[ (F r^2) / k ]
q = sqrt[ (2.14 * 10^-3 x 0.0083669513^2) / 9 * 10^9]
q = sqrt( 1.664584116E-17)

q = 4.1E-9 C

I have tried almost everything, but I keep getting the wrong answer. Where am I going wrong? Am I even on the right track? Any help would be greatly appreciated.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
1) Each ball makes an angle 10 degrees with the vertical..
2) In equilibrium position, three forces are acting on the ball. Identify them.
3) Resolve them and equate net Fx = 0 and net Fy = 0
 

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