What Does Preserving Distance Mean in Metric Mapping?

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The discussion focuses on the concept of preserving distance in metric mapping, specifically through the use of a diagonal metric. The user seeks clarification on how to define a metric δ such that δ(θ, φ) equals δ(2a tan(θ/2) cos(φ), 2a tan(θ/2) sin(φ)). The provided mapping example illustrates the transformation from spherical coordinates (θ, φ) to Cartesian coordinates (x, y). The key takeaway is the necessity of establishing a metric that maintains distance consistency across these transformations.

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Can someone please exPlain to me what the phrase. Which metric do we have to impose in order that the mapping preserves distance means.
The example I have is
((-),phi)--->(x,y) =
(2a tan(theta/2)cos(phi) ,
2a tan(theta/2)sin(phi)) thanks
 
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It means you need to find a metric \delta such that for all (\theta,\phi) you have \delta(\theta,\phi)=\delta(2a\tan(\theta/2)\cos\phi,2a\tan(\theta/2)\sin\phi).
 
I guess it will be a diagonal metric but could you possibly give me a hint how to work out the other2 entries. Thanks
 

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