Mechanics: conservation of momentum problem

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion centers on solving a conservation of momentum problem involving an elastic collision between two atoms with masses 2mp and 3mp. The first atom, initially moving with velocity vo, collides with the second atom at rest, resulting in a trajectory deviation of 30 degrees for the first atom. The user derived three equations based on conservation of momentum and kinetic energy but struggled to solve for the unknowns. The solution was achieved by applying trigonometric identities and combining them with the energy conservation equation, ultimately leading to a quadratic equation for the velocities.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of conservation of momentum in elastic collisions
  • Knowledge of conservation of kinetic energy principles
  • Familiarity with trigonometric identities, specifically sin²θ + cos²θ = 1
  • Ability to solve quadratic equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of elastic collisions in physics
  • Learn how to apply conservation laws in multi-body collision scenarios
  • Explore advanced trigonometric identities and their applications in physics problems
  • Practice solving quadratic equations in the context of physics problems
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and collision theory, as well as anyone looking to enhance their problem-solving skills in elastic collisions.

swindhspectrum
Messages
9
Reaction score
0
Here's the problem:

An atom of mass 2mp with an anitial velocity vo undergos an elastic collision with an atom at rest with mass 3mp. After the collision, the first atoms trajectory deviates 30 degrees from the initial. What angle does the second atom travel from the first atoms initial trajectory?

I used conservation of momentum to get

2vo = (3)^(1/2)v1' + 3 cos(θ2) v2'

and

v1' = -3 sin(θ2)v2'

I used conservation of kinetic energy to arrive at

2(vo)^2 = 2(v1')^2 + 3(v2')^2.

So there are three equations and three unknowns (θ, v1' and v2').

After 18 pages of algebra I've decided to ask for some help. Are there trig identies that would help. I am also given θ = -65.2 but only to check with my answer, and working backwards from it didn't help.

Please, can anyone help?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
swindhspectrum said:
I used conservation of momentum to get

2vo = (3)^(1/2)v1' + 3 cos(θ2) v2'

and

v1' = -3 sin(θ2)v2'
Try combining these using [itex]\sin^2\theta + \cos^2\theta = 1[/itex]. Combine that result with your equation for conservation of energy to solve for v1' & v2'.
 
thanks, i was skeptical of that approach but it worked out after a mess of algebra and a quadratic equation to solve
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
4K
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 30 ·
2
Replies
30
Views
3K
Replies
5
Views
3K
  • · Replies 52 ·
2
Replies
52
Views
4K
  • · Replies 16 ·
Replies
16
Views
3K
  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
1K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
2K