A Mode matching to an optical cavity

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To mode match a laser light to a symmetrical bow-tie optical cavity, the goal is to position the Gaussian beam waist between the two flat mirrors after passing through mode matching lenses. The user is familiar with using ABCD matrix formalism to predict the waist inside the cavity and after the lenses, but faces challenges with accounting for lens thickness and the effects of an electro-optic modulator (EOM). The discussion highlights the need for precise calculations of lens focal lengths and distances, suggesting that assumptions about the EOM's impact may lead to inaccuracies. The user seeks efficient methods to optimize mode matching in practice, emphasizing the importance of accurate modeling and practical adjustments. Ultimately, achieving precise mode matching requires careful consideration of all optical elements in the setup.
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Hello! I need to mode match a laser light to an optical cavity and I am a bit unsure what is the most time efficient way of doing so. The cavity is a symmetrical bow-tie and I inject the light from one of the flat mirrors (the other 2 are concave). In this case, I want the shape of the gaussian beam after passing through the mode matching lenses, to have the waist right in between the 2 flat mirrors. Doing ABCD matrix formalism I know the expected waist in the steady state inside the cavity. I can also calculate the waist after the beam passes through the lenses (given my setup it turns out I need first a divergent than a convergent lens). However, for this latter case, there are several unknowns, for example, I can use the formula for the ABCD formalism for a thin lens, but how do I account for the thickness of the lenses? Or, the light passes through an EOM, do I just assume that is a block of glass of a given index of refraction? Overall, I might get an estimate, but I can't precisely calculate the needed lenses focal lenses and distance between them. What is the best way, starting from the calculations, to optimize in practice the mode matching?
 

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