Molecule Kinetics: Calculating Temperature from Speed Upon Moon Re-Entry

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the temperature corresponding to the speed of nitrogen molecules striking a space vehicle during re-entry from the Moon. The problem is situated within the context of molecular kinetics and thermodynamics.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the use of kinetic energy equations to relate speed to temperature, with some suggesting the need to look up specific constants and values. There is a focus on the distinction between molecular weight and mass, as well as the implications of using nitrogen molecules (N2) instead of individual nitrogen atoms.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants providing guidance on necessary constants and clarifying the distinction between molecular weight and mass. There is an acknowledgment of the complexity introduced by considering nitrogen as a diatomic molecule.

Contextual Notes

Participants note constraints regarding the availability of certain information, such as the mass of nitrogen molecules, and emphasize the importance of using accurate values for calculations.

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Homework Statement



A space vehicle returning from the Moon enters Earth’s atmosphere at a speed of about 4.9E4 km/h. Molecules (assum nitrogen) striking the nose of the vehicle with this speed correspond to what temperature?

Homework Equations



KE=0.5mv^2=kT
k: constant

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm lost.
 
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Look up the mass of an N2 molecule and Boltzmann's constant, k, put them into your first equation and solve for T. ?
 
Dick said:
Look up the mass of an N2 molecule and Boltzmann's constant, k, put them into your first equation and solve for T. ?

Can't look up mass, only molecular weight. Where mass=#mols*molecular weight.
 
bpw91284 said:
Can't look up mass, only molecular weight. Where mass=#mols*molecular weight.

You can so look up the mass of a single nitrogen atom. It's in the periodic table in atomic mass units. What's an atomic mass unit in kilograms? Can also be looked up.
 
Dick said:
You can so look up the mass of a single nitrogen atom. It's in the periodic table in atomic mass units. What's an atomic mass unit in kilograms? Can also be looked up.

N=14.00674u
1 u ≈ 1.66053886 × 10−27 kg

Then just solve for T with 0.5mv^2=kT?

Thanks,
Brandon
 
Except remember the question says 'molecules' and nitrogen is N2 (two nitrogen atoms).
 
Last edited:

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