Motor Effect: Lorentz Force vs Electromagnets

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the differing explanations for motor rotation, specifically contrasting the Lorentz force and the behavior of electromagnets. The Lorentz force, which describes how electrons in a wire experience a force in a magnetic field, is traditionally taught alongside Fleming's left hand rule. However, an alternative explanation focuses on how current in the rotor coils transforms them into electromagnets, which interact with the magnetic stator. Both explanations are valid, but the Lorentz force is considered more fundamental, albeit more complex when dealing with coils that include cores or permanent magnets.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Lorentz force and its application in electromagnetism
  • Familiarity with Fleming's left hand rule for determining force direction
  • Basic knowledge of electromagnetism and magnetic fields
  • Concept of electromagnets and their interaction with magnetic stators
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  • Study the principles of the Lorentz force in detail, focusing on its mathematical formulation
  • Explore the applications of Fleming's left hand rule in various electromagnetic devices
  • Investigate the role of electromagnets in electric motors and their design considerations
  • Examine the effects of magnetic cores and permanent magnets on motor performance
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Students of physics, electrical engineers, and anyone interested in understanding the principles behind motor operation and electromagnetic interactions.

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Homework Statement


This is not a homework problem but more of a clash of terminology I have encountered for an explanation of why a motor rotates. In class, I have been taught about the Lorentz force causing the armature to turn. Where electrons in the wire experience a force when they experience a magnetic field at right angles to their motion. The directions of the force can be found using Fleming's left hand rule. However, I come across several explanations that do not mention the Lorentz force law or Fleming's left hand rule at all. They explain it in terms of the current fed through the rotor causes the coils in the rotor to turn into electromagnets. These electromagnets have north/south poles which try to chase the north/south poles of the magnetic stator. The video below explains this very clearly (particularly 50 seconds to 2 minutes 20). Which is the more fundamental explanation? These seem like two completely different explanations and surely only one is correct?

Homework Equations




The Attempt at a Solution


I'm note sure but I think they may be two ways of looking at the same thing.
 
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Both are valid. I guess you can call the one with Lorentz force "more fundamental" if you like, but it gets more complicated to use if your coils have some core (or even permanent magnets).
 
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