Undergrad Open balls dense in closed balls in Euclidean space

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SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies that the statement regarding open balls being dense in closed balls is valid specifically in Euclidean space, denoted as ##\mathbb{R}^n##, where the standard metric is derived from the Euclidean norm. However, this property does not extend to all metric spaces, as demonstrated by counterexamples involving discrete metrics. The participants emphasize that the standard metric in ##\mathbb{R}^n## arises from an inner product, which is essential for understanding the density of open balls within closed balls.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Euclidean space and its properties
  • Knowledge of metrics and norms, particularly the Euclidean norm
  • Familiarity with inner product spaces and their implications
  • Concept of density in topological spaces
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of open and closed balls in Euclidean spaces
  • Explore counterexamples in metric spaces, particularly those with discrete metrics
  • Learn about inner product spaces and their relationship to norms
  • Investigate the concept of density in various types of metric spaces
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, students of topology, and anyone studying metric spaces will benefit from this discussion, particularly those interested in the properties of open and closed sets in Euclidean spaces.

psie
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TL;DR
I am working a problem in Gamelin and Greene's book on topology. They ask about whether closed balls are closed sets (which they are), but moreover if the closure of an open ball is a closed ball. They make a statement concerning this which I don't understand.
Any set with at least two elements and equipped with the discrete metric is a counterexample to the claim that the closure of an open ball is a closed ball. Yet, in the back of the back book where they present solutions to some of their exercises, they write:

The statement about open balls being dense in closed balls holds in ##\mathbb R^n##, but it does not hold in metric spaces in general.

I feel silly for asking, but I can not make sense logically of the first part of the sentence. First they say it holds in ##\mathbb R^n##, but not in metric spaces in general. What could they mean by it holds in ##\mathbb R^n##? My understanding is that the statement holds in ##\mathbb R^n## equipped with a metric derived from a norm, but not otherwise. Is this correct?
 
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\mathbb{R}^n, without more, means \mathbb{R}^n with the euclidean norm.
 
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Somewhat related: The standard metric in ##\mathbb R^n## is derived from an inner-product## <,>##, which gives rise to a norm ##||.||##, through , ##||v||=<v,v>^{1/2}##, and a metric ##m(x,y):=<x-y, x-y>^{1/2}##
 

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