Orbital Velocity due to a Dark Matter Halo

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the gravitational force from a dark matter halo with a density function defined as ρ(r) = ρ0r02/r2. The user aims to equate this force to the centripetal force, F = mv2/r, to derive the orbital velocity, v. The correct expression for velocity is given as v2 = 4∏Gρ0r02, which arises from integrating the mass of the dark matter halo while addressing the singularity at r=0 by including an appropriate integration measure. The confusion stems from the assumption that the total mass behaves as if it is concentrated at the origin.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational force equations, specifically F = GMm/r2
  • Familiarity with density functions and integration techniques in physics
  • Knowledge of centripetal force and its application in orbital mechanics
  • Basic concepts of dark matter and its role in astrophysics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the integration of density functions in gravitational contexts
  • Learn about the implications of singularities in physical models
  • Research the properties of dark matter and its density profiles
  • Explore advanced topics in orbital mechanics and gravitational dynamics
USEFUL FOR

Students in astrophysics, physicists working on gravitational models, and anyone interested in the dynamics of dark matter halos and orbital mechanics.

Dovahkiin
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Homework Statement



I am struggling to calculate the gravitational force from a dark matter halo given that its density is given by ρ(r) = ρ0r02/r2. Once i have found the force i plan to equate it to the centripetal force, F = mv2/r, to find the velocity, v.

Homework Equations



Density of DM halo: ρ(r) = ρ0r02/r2

Centripetal Force: F = mv2/r

Gravitational force: F = GMm/r2

Mass of DM: M = ∫ρ dV = 4∏∫(from 0 to R) ρ(r) dr

The Attempt at a Solution



I (think) i can see what i need to do but using a density ρ(r) = ρ0r02/r2 and trying to integrate from 0 (centre of halo) to R (radial position of the orbiting object) obviously gives and infinite mass?

However the answer is given to be:

v2 = 4∏Gρ0r02

I can't see how you could get to this answer without modifying the density, or am I incorrectly assuming that the force of a mass distribution is the same as the total mass centred at the "origin"?

Any help will be much appreciated... this question seems like it should be pretty trivial but I'm stumped!
 
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Dovahkiin said:
ρ(r) = ρ0r02/r2

M = ∫ρ dV = 4∏∫(from 0 to R) ρ(r) dr

... using a density ρ(r) = ρ0r02/r2 and trying to integrate from 0 (centre of halo) to R (radial position of the orbiting object) obviously gives and infinite mass?
Shouldn't your integration measure include a r2 (thus cancelling that pesky badly behaved explosion at r=0)?
(doh!)
 
turin said:
Shouldn't your integration measure include a r2 (thus cancelling that pesky badly behaved explosion at r=0)?
(doh!)

I knew I would have missed something simple ;) Thanks!
 

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