Periodically Dampened Oscillator

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In summary, a body with mass m connected to a spring in 1D is at rest at X = A > 0, with the only force acting on it being the restoring force of the spring for X > 0. For X < 0, a viscous fluid introduces damping into the system. The speed of the particle at X = 0 is Aω0, where ω0 is the angular frequency of free oscillations. To find the speed at X = 0 as the body emerges from the X < 0 region, the characteristic equation for the differential is x = Ae-βtcos(ω1t), where ω1 is √(ω02-β2) and t =
  • #1
Squire1514
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Homework Statement


A body with mass m is connected to a spring in 1D and is at rest at X = A > 0. For the region X > 0, the only force acting on the mass is the restoring force of the spring. For the region X < 0, a viscous fluid introduces damping into the system.
a) Find the speed of the particle at X = 0.
b) Find the speed of the particle at X = 0, as it emerges from the X < 0 region.
c) Find the maximal position D the body reaches in the positive region after having left the negative region

Homework Equations


F = -kx for x > 0
F = -kx-bv for x < 0

The Attempt at a Solution


a) x(2) +k/m x = x(2) + ω02x = 0
The characteristic equation for free oscillations:
x = x0cos(ω0t + δ)
where x0 = A and δ = 0
x = Acosω0t
From here its easy enough to find the the speed at x = 0 is Aω0
b)x(2)+ 2βx(1)+ ω02x = 0 when x < 0
The characteristic equation for this differential is:
x = Ae-βtcos(ω1t) where ω1 is √(ω022)
The period of oscillation is ∏/ω1

My confusion at this point is how to incorporate the initial velocity into this equation.
Once I know that I can easily plug in the period into the velocity equation and find the new velocity at x = 0
 
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  • #2
Squire1514 said:
b)x(2)+ 2βx(1)+ ω02x = 0 when x < 0
The characteristic equation for this differential is:
x = Ae-βtcos(ω1t) where ω1 is √(ω022)

You need to reconsider how you wrote the solution here. If you redefine t = 0 to be the time the body enters the viscous region, then what should x equal when t = 0?

Also, you can't assume that the constant factor "A" in the solution for x < 0 is the same A as in part (a).
 

1. What is a Periodically Dampened Oscillator?

A Periodically Dampened Oscillator (PDO) is a physical system that exhibits oscillatory behavior, meaning it regularly moves back and forth between two states. It is often used to model the dynamics of various natural phenomena, such as the movement of a pendulum or the vibration of a spring.

2. How does a Periodically Dampened Oscillator work?

A PDO works by balancing two opposing forces: a driving force that causes the system to oscillate and a damping force that reduces the amplitude of the oscillations. The periodic nature of the driving force leads to a periodic motion of the system, while the damping force ensures that the oscillations eventually come to a stop.

3. What factors affect the behavior of a Periodically Dampened Oscillator?

The behavior of a PDO is influenced by several factors, including the amplitude and frequency of the driving force, the strength of the damping force, and the initial conditions of the system. These factors can all affect the amplitude, frequency, and duration of the oscillations.

4. How can a Periodically Dampened Oscillator be controlled or manipulated?

There are various ways to control or manipulate a PDO, depending on the specific system and its properties. Some methods include adjusting the driving force or the damping force, changing the initial conditions, or introducing external forces to the system.

5. What are some real-world applications of Periodically Dampened Oscillators?

PDOs have many practical applications in fields such as engineering, physics, and biology. They are commonly used in designing and analyzing mechanical and electrical systems, studying the dynamics of chemical reactions, and understanding biological rhythms and behaviors.

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