Photon-Atom Interaction: Effects on Electron and Nucleus Energies

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the interaction of photons with hydrogen atoms and hydrogen ions, specifically focusing on the effects on electron energy levels and nuclear energy states. Participants explore the implications of these interactions on temperature and energy transitions within atomic structures.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that when a hydrogen atom is struck by a photon, only the electron may rise to a higher energy shell, while the nucleus remains undisturbed.
  • Others argue that nuclear transitions require significantly larger energy scales than those needed for electronic transitions, suggesting that the nucleus will not change its state.
  • There is a suggestion that a hydrogen ion, when struck by a photon, would not experience a temperature increase as a single proton does not have a temperature, but rather would be accelerated.
  • One participant questions whether a collection of protons in a fixed vessel bombarded with photons would lead to a rise in temperature, implying that while individual particles do not have temperature, a collective effect could result in an increase in temperature.
  • Another participant asserts that the energy levels are properties of the entire atom, indicating that while the nucleus is heavier and less affected by the photon interaction, the overall atomic structure must be considered.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that the nucleus remains in its ground state during photon interactions, but there is disagreement regarding the implications for temperature and the collective behavior of protons under bombardment by photons.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the dependence on the definitions of temperature and energy states, as well as the unresolved nature of how collective interactions among protons may influence temperature in a fixed volume.

GuhaGubindam
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Ok, i want to make the question clear:
1) Let's say I strike my hydrogen atom with a single photon; will the electron rise up a shell level, and the nucleus become more energetic as well? OR just the electron will rise up a shell level, and the nucleus will be undisturbed?
2) Also, if I strike a hydrogen ion; just a proton, with a photon, will the proton become more energetic, meaning a volume of which will experience a rise in temperature?
 
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GuhaGubindam said:
1) Let's say I strike my hydrogen atom with a single photon; will the electron rise up a shell level, and the nucleus become more energetic as well? OR just the electron will rise up a shell level, and the nucleus will be undisturbed?

Pretty much the latter. The nucleus will remain in its ground state since nuclear transitions require MUCH larger energy scales than electronic transitions.

GuhaGubindam said:
2) Also, if I strike a hydrogen ion; just a proton, with a photon, will the proton become more energetic, meaning a volume of which will experience a rise in temperature?

No, the ion would just be accelerated. It would take a high-energy gamma-ray photon to induce a nuclear transition. Also, temperature doesn't really apply to a single proton.
 
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Drakkith said:
Pretty much the latter. The nucleus will remain in its ground state since nuclear transitions require MUCH larger energy scales than electronic transitions.
No, the ion would just be accelerated. It would take a high-energy gamma-ray photon to induce a nuclear transition. Also, temperature doesn't really apply to a single proton.
Thanks. But in regards to the temperature, should there be a volume of such protons in a fixed vessel, bombarded with photons, wouldn't that imply a rise in temperature?
 
GuhaGubindam said:
1) Let's say I strike my hydrogen atom with a single photon; will the electron rise up a shell level, and the nucleus become more energetic as well? OR just the electron will rise up a shell level, and the nucleus will be undisturbed?
None of the two. The energy levels are a property of the whole atom. The nucleus is much heavier, so the change affects the electron more than the nucleus, but describing the process just with the electron does not work. The nucleus itself does not change, and the electron itself does not change either (it keeps its mass and so on).
GuhaGubindam said:
Thanks. But in regards to the temperature, should there be a volume of such protons in a fixed vessel, bombarded with photons, wouldn't that imply a rise in temperature?
It would increase the temperature in the box (on average, or with many photons). Individual particles do not have a temperature.

Please start new posts for new questions, the thread was from 2013. I'll split the threads.
 
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