I Possible illogicalness of a 3-sphere shape of the Universe's space?

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The discussion explores the complexities of mapping three-dimensional space onto a 3-sphere, highlighting the differences between Euclidean geometry and non-Euclidean geometries like the 3-sphere. It emphasizes that while local coordinates can resemble Cartesian systems, global coordinates cannot maintain the same symmetry due to the finite volume of a 3-sphere compared to the infinite volume of Euclidean space. The conversation also touches on the challenges of using cubic honeycombs in a spherical geometry, noting that cubes would distort as they approach the curvature of the 3-sphere. Ultimately, the participants argue that the inherent differences in geometry make it illogical to directly map Euclidean space onto a 3-sphere. The complexities of these geometric relationships raise significant questions about the nature of space in cosmological models.
  • #31
Ibix said:
On a sphere you should see more cubes radially than naive analysis of the circumference would suggest, surely?

Yes, you're right, I misstated the difference between the black hole spacetime (more precisely, a single spacelike slice of constant Schwarzschild coordinate time in a black hole spacetime) and a 3-sphere. Giving the math will make it clearer: the 3-sphere metric, in "Schwarzschild-like" coordinates where ##r## is the areal radius and we have picked any point we like as the origin, is:

$$
ds^2 = \frac{1}{1 - k r^2} dr^2 + r^2 d\Omega^2
$$

where ##k## is a constant related to the "Radius of curvature" of the 3-sphere.

The metric of the Flamm paraboloid, which is the geometry of a constant Schwarzschild time spacelike slice of a black hole spacetime, is:

$$
ds^2 = \frac{1}{1 - \frac{2M}{r}} dr^2 + r^2 d\Omega^2
$$

where ##M## is the mass of the hole.

Both of these metrics have the coefficient of ##dr^2## larger than 1, so you are right that they both allow you to fit more cubes radially than you would expect based on tangential distances. But the dependence on ##r## of how many more cubes you can fit radially is very different.
 
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  • #32
greswd said:
from #20, I think the map of space should continue outwards indefinitely

Obviously it can't, since the area of a 2-sphere is finite. Similarly, it is impossible to continue any "cube" construction outward indefinitely in a 3-sphere space, since the volume of the space is finite.
 
  • #33
PeterDonis said:
Obviously it can't, since the area of a 2-sphere is finite. Similarly, it is impossible to continue any "cube" construction outward indefinitely in a 3-sphere space, since the volume of the space is finite.
yup, a finite play space, though in #20 I mentioned infinite looping:
greswd said:
A flatlander has no conception of the 3rd dimension of space, so to him the 2-sphere is a flat plane in which he can move about infinitely in any direction, though he might end up looping around back to where he started.
and in #27 to Ibix repetitions
greswd said:
And as our flatlander can also perceive that he is moving in one direction only in a straight line while he is actually looping around, the map of space could go on infinitely, but with repetitions.
with the infinite map representing repeated loops
 
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  • #34
greswd said:
with the infinite map representing repeated loops

As long as you allow multiple squares or cubes to occupy the same space, which I suppose is OK if they're just abstract, but doesn't work if they are actual objects.
 
  • #35
PeterDonis said:
As long as you allow multiple squares or cubes to occupy the same space, which I suppose is OK if they're just abstract, but doesn't work if they are actual objects.
I was thinking in terms of something similar to Pac-Man on a torus.

1588865213041.png


The infinite map would look like this:

puck.png

And the infinite map includes Pac-Man himself repeated infinitely, as its like the 2007 physicsy video game Portal in which you can look at your own back:

1588865949428.png


There's also a video, though it shows the environment moving around the torus instead of Pac-Man

 
  • #36
greswd said:
so from #20, I think the map of space should continue outwards indefinitely, but as mentioned, unclear how to proceed after inadvertently reproducing Schlegel diagrams.
@Ibix as I'm unclear on how to proceed, I'm looking at another example which has a nice infinite map, that of the torus.
above I've posted the infinite map for Pac-Man on a torus. Its a modified Pac-Man, while the 1979 game Asteroids is originally toroidal.
 

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