Potential of two parallel infinite wires

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the electric potential V(x,y,z) generated by two parallel infinite wires with charge distributions λ and -λ located at x=d and x=-d, respectively. The solution involves using Gaussian surfaces to derive the electric field and subsequently the potential, with the origin as a reference point. The equipotential surfaces are confirmed to be circular cylinders that are parallel to the wires but not coaxial, with specific axes and radii determined for a given potential V_0.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electrostatics, specifically electric potential and electric fields.
  • Familiarity with Gaussian surfaces and their application in electrostatics.
  • Knowledge of cylindrical symmetry in electric fields.
  • Proficiency in Cartesian coordinates and their transformation to cylindrical coordinates.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of electric fields from charge distributions using Gauss's Law.
  • Explore the concept of equipotential surfaces and their geometric properties.
  • Learn about the mathematical representation of cylindrical coordinates and their applications in physics.
  • Investigate the implications of charge distribution symmetry on electric field calculations.
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics, particularly those focusing on electromagnetism, as well as educators looking to enhance their understanding of electric potential and field theory in complex charge configurations.

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Homework Statement


Two parallel infinite wires lay parallel to the z-axis in the xz-plane. One located at x=d has charge distribution λ and one located at x=-d has charge distribution -λ.


Homework Equations



a) Find the potential V(x,y,z) using the origin as a reference
b)Show that the equipotential surfaces are circular cylinders parallel to, but not coaxial with, the wires. For a given V_0 determine the corresponding axis and radius of the cylinder.

The Attempt at a Solution



I believe we can approach this problem with gaussian surfaces, but i am confused on how to exactly use the fact that the origin is a reference. Also the fact that its in cartesian is messing with my ability to do the problem, there is so much cylindrical symmetry...
 
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I believe we can approach this problem with gaussian surfaces, but i am confused on how to exactly use the fact that the origin is a reference. Also the fact that its in cartesian is messing with my ability to do the problem, there is so much cylindrical symmetry...
Normally you'd do this problem for one wire, with the wire along the x-axis or similar.

This gives you an equation for the electric field about that axis.
What happens to that equation if the wire is not on the axis?

Hint: if a simple parabola were centered on the y-axis it would have equation ##y=x^2##, if it were now centered on the line x=d, it would have equation ##y=(x-d)^2##.
 

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