Poynting theorem and electromagnetic density

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the Poynting theorem and its application to electromagnetic energy density in the context of a time-dependent current flowing through a cylindrical solenoid. The participants clarify that the energy density, represented by the equation $$U = B^2 / 2 \mu + \epsilon E^2 / 2$$, includes contributions from both electric and magnetic fields generated by the source. The confusion arises regarding the inclusion of electric energy density in the equation $$\partial u / \partial t + \nabla \cdot \vec S = 0$$, particularly within the solenoid. Ultimately, it is established that the linearity of Maxwell's equations allows for both fields to be considered in the energy calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Poynting theorem and its implications in electromagnetism
  • Familiarity with Maxwell's equations and their linear properties
  • Knowledge of electromagnetic energy density calculations
  • Basic principles of solenoids and time-dependent currents
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and applications of the Poynting theorem in various electromagnetic contexts
  • Explore the relationship between electric and magnetic fields in time-varying systems
  • Investigate the implications of linearity in Maxwell's equations on energy density calculations
  • Learn about the behavior of electromagnetic fields in solenoids with varying currents
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Physicists, electrical engineers, and students studying electromagnetism, particularly those interested in the application of the Poynting theorem and energy density in electromagnetic systems.

LCSphysicist
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Homework Statement
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I am a little confused with the Poynting theorem https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poynting's_theorem .
When we use this equation, the energy density that enters in $$\partial u / \partial t$$ is the one due only to the fields generated by charges/source itself? That is, if we have a magnetic field generated by a current varying in time, it will produce an induced electric field. So, ##U## will be ##U = B^2 / 2 \mu## or ##U = B^2 / 2 \mu + \epsilon E^2 /2##?

I am asking because i was doing this exercise: "A time-dependent current, ##I = I(t) = I_{0} t##, flows through the coils of an infinitely long, cylindrical solenoid. The solenoid has radius a and n turns per unit length." And i have noticed that the flux of the poyting vector will account only for the variation of the magnetic energy density.
 
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Both the electric and magnetic fields are generated by the source. Maxwell’s equations are linear.
 
Orodruin said:
Both the electric and magnetic fields are generated by the source. Maxwell’s equations are linear.
With generated by the source i mean generated by charge and current density.
 
LCSphysicist said:
With generated by the source i mean generated by charge and current density.
Yes? As opposed to?
 
Orodruin said:
Yes? As opposed to?
I think i understand what you are talking about. But if so, why the electric energy density does not enter on the calculation $$\partial u / \partial t + \nabla . \vec S = 0 $$ inside the solenoid?
 
LCSphysicist said:
I think i understand what you are talking about. But if so, why the electric energy density does not enter on the calculation $$\partial u / \partial t + \nabla . \vec S = 0 $$ inside the solenoid?
Who says it doesn’t?
 
Orodruin said:
Who says it doesn’t?
$$B = \mu n i$$
$$2 \pi r E = \pi r^2 \partial B / \partial t$$
$$E = \mu r n \partial i/ \partial t / 2$$

$$U_b = \pi r^2 h (\mu n i)^2 /2 \mu$$
$$\partial U_b / \partial t = \frac{\pi r^2 h (\mu n)^2 i \partial i / \partial t}{\mu}$$

$$|S . da| = \frac{2 \pi r^2 h (\mu n )^2 i \partial i/ \partial t}{2 \mu} = \frac{\pi r^2 h (\mu n )^2 i \partial i/ \partial t}{\mu} $$
 
Never mind, just realized that it is because the current is linear on time... Oh god damn it
 

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