Problem about electric potential and power transmitted down a cable

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the application of electric potential equations, specifically the use of the integral forms for calculating voltage, V. The participants clarify that the correct expression for voltage when considering the electric field, E, is given by V = ∫ E ⋅ dl, particularly when the electric field points radially outward. The confusion arises from the use of the negative sign in V = -∫ E ⋅ dl, which does not yield the expected relationship P = IV. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of understanding the direction of the electric field and its impact on potential difference calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electric fields and their properties
  • Familiarity with the concept of electric potential
  • Knowledge of calculus, specifically line integrals
  • Basic principles of electrical power, including the relationship P = IV
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of electric potential from electric fields
  • Explore the implications of the negative sign in potential equations
  • Learn about the physical interpretation of electric field direction
  • Investigate applications of electric potential in circuit analysis
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, electrical engineers, and anyone involved in the study of electromagnetism and circuit theory will benefit from this discussion.

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When to use ## V =-\int E ⋅ dl ## or ## V =\int E ⋅ dl ## ?

When i use ## V =-\int E ⋅ dl ##. i can not show that P = IV because ##\frac{ln \frac{b}{a}}{ln \frac{a}{b}} ≠ 1##

But the solution use ## V =\int E ⋅ dl ## I'm concerned about using "minus" .
 

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The notation in the solutions is kind of sloppy, but it's easy enough to understand what was meant.

Assume that ##\vec E## points radially outward. Then the inner conductor is at a higher potential than the outer conductor so that ##V = V_a - V_b##. So you have
$$V = V_a - V_b = -\int_b^a \vec E \cdot d\vec l = \int_a^b \vec E \cdot d \vec l.$$
 
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