Problem on perturbation theory

In summary, the conversation discusses using first order perturbation theory to determine the ground state energy of a helium-like atom, while ignoring the spins of the electrons and the Pauli principle. The attempt at a solution involves treating the term k/(r12)^2 as the perturbation and applying the first order perturbation correction. The next step is to write down the perturbing and unperturbed Hamiltonians, as well as the eigenfunctions of the unperturbed Hamiltonian. The use of LaTeX and its tags is also suggested for clarity and accuracy in writing equations.
  • #1
sridhar
19
0

Homework Statement


Determine approximately the ground state energy of a helium like atom using first order perturbation theory in the electron-electron interaction.
Ignore the spins of the electrons and the Pauli principle.


Homework Equations


given that [tex]\int[/tex]d[tex]\tau[/tex]1[tex]\int[/tex]d[tex]\tau[/tex]2 e[tex]^-(r1+r2){}[/tex]/r1+r2 = 20[tex]\Pi[/tex][tex]^{2}[/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution


Consider a system where electron1-electron2 distance = r12
electron1-nucleus distance= r1
electron2-nucleus distance= r2

The S.E of this system would be exactly solvable if the term containing r12 disappears from the hamiltonian. Therefore we treat k/(r12)[tex]^{2}[/tex] as the perturbation!

I applied the first order perturbation for the term k/r12
the correction would basically be <[tex]\Psi[/tex] /k/(r12)[tex]^{2}[/tex] / [tex]\Psi[/tex]>

And i am stuck! Cant understand what to do next!
 
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  • #2
Can you write down the perturbing and unperturbed hamiltonia, and the eigenfunctions of the unperturbed hamiltonian?

Why are you squaring r12?

PS: When writing down an expression/equation, it is best to LaTeX the whole thing (Example: [itex]\langle \psi | (k/r_{12})| \psi \rangle [/itex]), rather than parts of it. Also, for using LaTeX in line with regular text, use the tags [ itex ] [ /itex ] (without spaces) instead.
 

1. What is perturbation theory?

Perturbation theory is a mathematical method used to approximate solutions to a problem that cannot be solved exactly. It involves breaking down a complex problem into a simpler one and then adding corrections to the solution to improve its accuracy.

2. When is perturbation theory used?

Perturbation theory is used in various fields of science, such as physics, chemistry, and engineering, to solve problems that involve small deviations or disturbances from a known solution. It is particularly useful when the exact solution to a problem is difficult or impossible to obtain.

3. What are the limitations of perturbation theory?

One limitation of perturbation theory is that it can only provide accurate solutions for small perturbations. As the perturbation increases, the accuracy of the solution decreases. Additionally, perturbation theory may not work well for highly nonlinear systems or systems with large uncertainties.

4. How is perturbation theory applied in practice?

In practice, perturbation theory involves constructing a series of approximations, known as a perturbation series, to the solution of a problem. These approximations are then added together to improve the accuracy of the solution. The number of terms in the perturbation series required for a desired level of accuracy depends on the strength of the perturbation.

5. Can perturbation theory be used for any problem?

No, perturbation theory is most effective for problems that have a well-defined, known solution that can serve as a starting point. It is also more suitable for linear systems, where the perturbations can be treated as small deviations from the exact solution. In some cases, other methods may be more appropriate for solving a problem with perturbations.

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