Graduate Qubit error rate of QKD BB84 protocol

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The discussion focuses on measuring the Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER) in the BB84 protocol for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). It emphasizes that QBER represents the percentage of bit errors during key distribution, calculated by dividing the number of erroneous bits by the total length of the raw key. The QBER is noted to be 25% if an eavesdropper, Eve, intercepts every qubit. A calculation example is provided, illustrating how the QBER is derived from Eve's actions during the protocol. Understanding these metrics is crucial for evaluating the security of QKD implementations.
Pattarasak
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Hello everyone, I don't know how to measure the QBER of BB84 protocol in a realistic experiment.In the most paper show the data which is only the number but do not show the unit of data, what is the unit of these data?
 
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The Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER) is the measurement of the percentage or probability of bit error across the quantum channel during key distribution. After obtaining the raw key, QBER can be calculated by taking the length of erroneous bits divided by length of raw key. In BB84 protocol, if an Eve intercept every qubits, QBER is 25%. How to calculate: ½(0) + ½(½) = ¼. (simply means half of the time, Eve would have use the correct basis, other half, she would use wrongly and half of that time where she used it wrongly, Eve would be discovered and that is reflected in QBER.
 
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Thread 'Two equivalent statements of time reversal symmetric Hamiltonian'

Time reversal invariant Hamiltonians must satisfy ##[H,\Theta]=0## where ##\Theta## is time reversal operator. However, in some texts (for example see Many-body Quantum Theory in Condensed Matter Physics an introduction, HENRIK BRUUS and KARSTEN FLENSBERG, Corrected version: 14 January 2016, section 7.1.4) the time reversal invariant condition is introduced as ##H=H^*##. How these two conditions are identical?
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