Regarding normalization of the eigen basis vectors

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the normalization of eigen basis vectors in quantum mechanics. Continuous eigen-basis vectors cannot be normalized to unity length but can be normalized to a delta function. In contrast, discrete eigen-basis vectors are normalizable to unity length. Systems exhibiting both discrete and continuous spectra, such as finite potential wells, present a unique scenario where the discrete eigenstates normalize to one, while the continuous eigenstates normalize to a delta function.

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  • Quantum mechanics fundamentals
  • Understanding of eigenvalues and eigenvectors
  • Knowledge of delta functions in mathematical physics
  • Familiarity with potential wells and their properties
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ashokanand_n
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For a continuous eigen-basis the basis vectors are not normalizable to unity length. They can be normalized only upto a delta function. At the same time for discrete eigen basis the basis vectors are normalizable to unity length.

What about the systems with both discrete as well as continuous spectrum (For eg., a finite potential well) ?
 
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In this case the spectrum has both a continuous part (and the corresponding eigenstates can only be normalized to a delta-function) and a discrete part (and the corresponding eigenstates can only be normalized to one).
 

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