Relative intensity of polarized and unpolarized light in incident beam

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the relative intensities of polarized and unpolarized light in an incident beam when passed through a Polaroid sheet. The transmitted intensity of unpolarized light is consistently half of the incident beam's intensity, while the intensity of polarized light can reach the full intensity of the incident beam when aligned correctly. The calculations reveal that the ratio of polarized to unpolarized light is 2:1, contradicting an initial assumption of a 5:1 ratio. This conclusion is derived from the equations I' = 1/2*Io' for unpolarized light and I = Io*cos²(Φ) for polarized light.

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nanobanano
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1. A beam of light is a mixture of polarized light and unpolarized light. When it is sent through a Polaroid sheet, we find that the transmitted intensity can be varied by a factor of five depending on the orientation of the Polaroid. Find the relative intensities of these two components of the incident beam.
2. Homework Equations :
unpolarized light: I' = 1/2*Io'
polarized light: I = Iocos^2(Φ)
3. The Attempt at a Solution :
The intensity of transmitted unpolarized light will always be 1/2 the incident beam's intensity since it does not depend on the orientation of the Polaroid. The greatest the intensity of transmitted light from a polarized beam is equal to the intensity of the incident beam I = Io (when the axis of transmission is parallel to the electric field component). Since the two transmitted beams can vary by a factor of five, I've set 5I' = I and then substituted the equations for each (with the polarized intensity being equal to the incident beam intensity) resulting in Io' = 10*Io.
 
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nanobanano said:
resulting in Io' = 10*Io.
If I understand your notation, Io is the incoming polarised intensity, I'o the incoming unpolarised intensity, etc.
Incoming total intensity = Io+I'o
Minimum outgoing total intensity = I'o/2
Maximum outgoing total intensity = Io+I'o/2
With your result, that gives a ratio of 5:6, not 1:5.
 
Isn't the maximum equal to 5 times the minimum? so ##I_0+I'_0/2=5(I'_0/2)## from which I get ##I_0=2I'_0## i.e ration 2:1 polarized to unpolarized.
 
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