Calculating Relative Speed of Objects Moving Away from Earth

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the relative speed of two objects moving away from Earth, with one object traveling at 2.5×108 m/s and the other at 1.8×108 m/s. Participants emphasize the importance of using the Lorentz transformation equations to determine the relative speed as perceived by an observer on Earth. The key takeaway is that the correct interpretation of the problem is to find the separation speed rather than the relative speed between the two objects. This distinction is crucial for accurately applying special relativity principles.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Lorentz transformation equations
  • Familiarity with special relativity concepts
  • Knowledge of velocity addition in relativistic contexts
  • Ability to interpret reference frames in physics problems
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of Lorentz transformation in different reference frames
  • Learn about relativistic velocity addition techniques
  • Explore examples of separation speed versus relative speed in special relativity
  • Review common pitfalls in interpreting physics problems involving multiple objects
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Astronomy students, physics enthusiasts, and anyone interested in understanding the nuances of special relativity and velocity calculations in relativistic contexts.

Woolyabyss
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Homework Statement


An astronomer sees two objects moving along the same line of sight away from each other. The first object moves away from the Earth with a velocity of 2.5×108 m/s, and the second object moves towards the Earth with a velocity of 1.8×108 m/s.
According to this astronomer how fast are the two objects moving away from each other?

Homework Equations


Lorentz transformation
V'x = (Vx - u)/(1-(u*Vx/c^2))
Vx = (V'x + u)/(1+ (u*V'x/c^2))

The Attempt at a Solution


I'm not sure how to apply the transformations here.
Should I take the the reference frames used in the equations to be on the objects and attempt to find u?
Normally In a problem like this I would take the Earth to be the first frame of reference
 
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Hint: The question is how fast the astronomer finds that the objects are moving away from each other, not how fast the objects find that they are moving away from each other.
 
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Orodruin said:
Hint: The question is how fast the astronomer finds that the objects are moving away from each other, not how fast the objects find that they are moving away from each other.
I don't read it that way.

I think it means that knowing special relativity, what does the astronomer conclude is the relative speed of one of the objects with respect to the other.

Also, Woolyabyss needs to fix his powers of ten notation.
 
SammyS said:
I don't read it that way.
Woolyabyss said:
According to this astronomer how fast are the two objects moving away from each other?
I don't see how this can be read in any other way. If the relative speed was intended, this would have been the statement:
SammyS said:
what does the astronomer conclude is the relative speed of one of the objects with respect to the other.
not "according to the astronomer". This is a typical question to raise awareness over the difference between separation speed and relative speed.
 
Orodruin said:
I don't see how this can be read in any other way. If the relative speed was intended, this would have been the statement:

not "according to the astronomer". This is a typical question to raise awareness over the difference between separation speed and relative speed.
Yes, you have convinced me.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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