Researching Neutron Imaging: Is Imaging a Single Molecule Possible?

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    Imaging Neutron
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the feasibility of imaging a single molecule using low energy neutrons, exploring the mechanics and potential methodologies for such imaging, including the concept of an interference microscope. Participants are considering both theoretical and practical aspects of neutron imaging.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the plausibility of imaging a single molecule with low energy neutrons and suggests building an interference microscope.
  • Another participant notes the difficulty in constructing neutron microscopes due to the inability to use electromagnetic lenses, leading to low resolution in existing designs.
  • Concerns are raised about the potential destruction of samples due to the heavy momentum of neutrons when attempting to image individual molecules.
  • A participant explains that individual neutrons would scatter off nuclei rather than being absorbed, complicating detection and imaging processes.
  • There is a discussion about neutron radiography functioning similarly to X-ray radiography, where neutrons pass through an object and are detected by their absorption, leading to gamma emissions that create an image.
  • Another participant questions whether low energy neutrons could produce interference patterns, suggesting that optics challenges might be overcome, while also acknowledging the risk of damaging the molecule.
  • There is a query about whether sufficiently low energy neutrons would scatter off nuclei instead of being absorbed, indicating uncertainty about the interaction dynamics.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the feasibility of imaging a single molecule with low energy neutrons, with some agreeing on the challenges posed by current technology and others exploring theoretical possibilities. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the potential for overcoming these challenges.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight limitations related to the interaction of neutrons with matter, the mechanics of neutron detection, and the resolution capabilities of neutron microscopes. There are unresolved questions about the conditions under which low energy neutrons might scatter rather than be absorbed.

CPL.Luke
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how plausible is it to image a single molecule using low energy neutrons? I was thinking it might be possible to build something similar to an interference microscope in order to accomplish this however I'm not entirely sure.

I was thinking of doing a little research project on the mechanics of such a scope and was interested in any thoughts.
 
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It is very difficult to build neutron microscopes (although they do exist) simply because you can't use electromagnetic lenses (which is how e.g electron- and ion-based microscopes work) to focus the particles; this is the reason for why existing microscopes have very low resolution.
Another issue is that neutrons are very heavy and carry a lot of momentum so presumably you would always run the risk of destroying the sample you were looking at, at least if you were really trying to look at an individual molecule (neutron scattering is routinely used to determine the structure of complex molecules, but that is a very different mechanism)
 
CPL.Luke said:
how plausible is it to image a single molecule using low energy neutrons? I was thinking it might be possible to build something similar to an interference microscope in order to accomplish this however I'm not entirely sure.
It's not plausible, basically for the reasons stated by f95toli. The individual neutrons would scatter off the nuclei, if not absorbed. The scattered neutrons would have to be detected, but as far as a detector would be concerned, the neutrons would appear to come from a point source. Neutrons can only be detected by being absorbed, since they don't interact electromagnetically with atoms.

Neutron radiography works like X-ray radiography, in that it is the neutrons which pass through the object that are detected (absorbed) by an image target. The neutrons are absorbed by the atoms (nuclei) in the target, and is then the gamma emissions from the target which render an image on a photographic film or phosphor.
 
but as far as a detector would be concerned, the neutrons would appear to come from a point source

wouldn't low energy neutrons interfere thus producing an interference pattern? I see the implausibility due to optics (something that could possibly be overcome) or more importantly beating the crap out of your molecule by bombarding it with neutrons.

Neutron radiography works like X-ray radiography, in that it is the neutrons which pass through the object that are detected (absorbed) by an image target. The neutrons are absorbed by the atoms (nuclei) in the target, and is then the gamma emissions from the target which render an image on a photographic film or phosphor.

if the neutrons were of sufficiently low energy though they would not be prone to absorption correct? and instead would scatter off the nucleus?
 

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