RISK: Can Strategy Affect Probability of Winning?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the strategic implications of capturing territories in the board game RISK, specifically whether the order of capturing territories A and B affects the probability of winning. The user starts with 6 pieces and faces territories defended by 2 and 3 pieces respectively. Mathematical analysis suggests that the order of attack does influence the probabilities, although the user lacks the tools to calculate these probabilities quantitatively. The conversation highlights the importance of understanding the game tree and the associated probabilities for each battle.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of RISK game mechanics, particularly territory capture.
  • Familiarity with probability concepts and basic combinatorial mathematics.
  • Knowledge of game trees and their application in strategic decision-making.
  • Ability to interpret statistical data related to game outcomes.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the mathematical modeling of RISK battles using probability theory.
  • Learn how to construct and analyze game trees for strategic decision-making.
  • Explore the statistical outcomes of different attack orders in RISK using simulation tools.
  • Study the impact of varying army sizes on battle probabilities in RISK.
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for board game enthusiasts, strategic gamers, and mathematicians interested in probability theory and game strategy optimization.

Astudious
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My friend proposed to me this problem, as we were playing the boardgame RISK (rules written here http://www.hasbro.com/common/instruct/risk.pdf if you don't know em, I guess the relevant bit is really p10-11).

Let's say I want to capture 2 territories, A and B, with 2 and 3 defending pieces on them respectively. I start off with 6 pieces in a country neighbouring both A and B. So, it's up to me my strategy: to capture A (2), then B (3), or the reverse. Will it make a difference (however small) to my probability of winning (succeeding in capturing both), which way I go?

Gut instinct looking at the boardgame is "no", but instinct looking at the maths is "yes". On the other hand I don't have a clue how to calculate such probabilities quantitatively and I'm not expecting it (even calculating the outcome of a single battle seems tricky http://www4.stat.ncsu.edu/~jaosborn/research/RISK.pdf though we could probably use the results if we needed).

I just want to know, if someone can suggest (and to some degree explain) from mathematical instinct, whether there will be a difference and if so which is the ideal path?
 
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You can use the table on page 5 to write down the full relevant game tree with probabilities for the first battle. It is not too large. Page 6 then gives the probabilities for the second battle.

As different army sizes give different probabilities to win/lose individual rounds, I would expect a difference, but I don't know in which direction.
 
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