Schrodinger time independent equation for steps and barriers

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving the Schrödinger time-independent equation for finite steps and barriers, specifically determining the reflection and transmission coefficients. The user presents equations for both scenarios: when energy (E) is less than the potential (V) and when E is greater than V. Key equations include Ψ''(x) = -2m/ħ²(E-V)Ψ(x) and the coefficients for reflection (R) and transmission (T) are derived as T = 4kq/(q²+k²) and R = |A/B|². The user expresses confusion regarding the choice of coefficients and boundary conditions, emphasizing the need for matching conditions at each step or barrier.

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  • Understanding of quantum mechanics principles, specifically the Schrödinger equation.
  • Familiarity with wave functions and boundary conditions in quantum systems.
  • Knowledge of complex numbers and their application in wave mechanics.
  • Experience with solving differential equations, particularly second-order linear equations.
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  • Study the derivation of reflection and transmission coefficients in quantum mechanics.
  • Learn about boundary conditions and their significance in quantum systems.
  • Explore the implications of complex exponentials in wave functions.
  • Investigate the use of matching conditions at potential steps and barriers in quantum mechanics.
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Students and professionals in quantum mechanics, particularly those studying wave-particle interactions, as well as educators teaching advanced physics concepts related to the Schrödinger equation.

WrongMan
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Ok for starters, I am sorry for the length of the question and jamming multiple questions in here i feel like my doubts are all related and it would be best just to put it all in one place instead of creating 2-4 topics.
I'm beginning to feel confused with the amount of ways i see people solving this.
The book I am following isn't helping much

Homework Statement


so I am dividing this in two; a step and a barrier, both finite.
I want to find the reflection and transmission coefficients of a step/barrier

Homework Equations


Ψ''(x)=-2m/ħ2(E-V)Ψ(x) for V=0 k2=E2m/ħ2 for V=/=0 (E-V)2m/ħ2=q2.

The Attempt at a Solution


a)[/B]so for the step we have two cases e<V and e>V, the step begins at x=0
When e<V:
for area x<0
Ψ(x)= reikx+e-ikx ; Ψ'(x)= rikeikx-ike-ikx
for x>0
Ψ(x)= te-qx ; Ψ'(x)= -qte-qx
This choice of coefficients is confusing to me (also see underlined part bellow), most of the material i see has A, B and C, but i remember using "r" and "t" in class, and since the negative exponential represent the wave moving to one direction and the positive ones represent the opposite direction it'd make sense to use this set up, but i feel the results i get are wrong.
For example: r+1=t this doesn't really make sense does it?
anyway, for "r" and "t" coeficients i get:
t=(2ik)/(-q+ik) and T=(q/k)|t|2 so T= 4kq/(q2+k2)
for A,B,C i get:
C/A=(2ik)/(-q+ik) and T=(q/k)|C/A|2
So this appears to be correct
b)for e>V i get two complex exponential with coeficients A,B,C,D or 1,r,tD
and i have no idea how to solve them

c)
now for the barrier of length L and e<V
x<0
Ψ(x)= Aeikx+Be-ikx ; Ψ'(x)= Aikeikx-Bike-ikx
x>L
Ψ(x)= Ceikx+De-ikx ; Ψ'(x)= Cikeikx-Dike-ikx
and C must be 0 so it doesn't blow up to infinity.
0<x<L
e-V is negative so
Ψ''(x)=-2m/ħ2(E-V)Ψ(x) becomes Ψ''(x)=2m/ħ2(V-e)Ψ(x)
so
Ψ(x)= Eeqx+Fe-qx ; Ψ'(x)= qEeqx-qEe-qx
And now i set the negative exponentials to be the wave moving to the right (which i read it should be the positive exponentials moving to the right due to Euler's formula but there is no positive exponential so ?)
T=|D/B|2
and R = |A/B|2
And so this is solvable... how?
so i set the boundary cond. and got:
Ψ(0)= A+Be=E+F (1.)
Ψ'(0)= Aik-Bike=qE-qE (2.)
De-ikL=EeqL+Fe-qL (3.)
-Dike-ikL=qEeqL-qEe-qL (4.)
I did (2)+ik(1), then (4)/(3) and got stuck here:
[-(EeqL-Ee-qL)/(EeqL+Fe-qL)]*(A-B)=(E-F)
im stuck.
I have that feeling i have to understand something I am missing, or there's a specific path I am not taking and I am just making it harder on me

d) for e>V i feel it would be simmilar since the only difference is that all the exponentials are complex.
 
Last edited:
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Always make sure sure you have the correct number of equations for solving the system. In these problems, if you have n coefficients you would expect n-1 equations such that all the other coefficients can be expressed in terms of the incoming wave coefficient. These equations come from matching boundary conditions (Hint: Match them at every step/barrier, the ks change! I believe that's where you're missing equations). If you have enough eqtns, the rest is algebra.
 

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