Setting the Zero of Potential for a Charged Metal Sphere in an Electric Field

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on determining the electric potential outside a charged metal sphere with charge Q and radius R in a uniform electric field E_0. Participants agree that setting the zero of potential at the surface of the sphere is valid due to its equipotential nature as a conductor. The potential at infinity should be maintained at zero for consistency, leading to the conclusion that the potential due to the sphere is represented as phi = Q/R + phi(grounded sphere). The analysis aligns with Example 3.8 from the referenced material.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electric potential and equipotential surfaces
  • Familiarity with the properties of conductors in electrostatics
  • Knowledge of uniform electric fields and their effects on charged objects
  • Ability to apply mathematical equations related to electric potential, specifically V = kQ/r
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the concept of electric potential in the context of conductors
  • Review Example 3.8 from the relevant textbook for deeper insights
  • Learn about the implications of setting reference points for electric potential
  • Explore the mathematical derivation of potential in uniform electric fields
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Students of electromagnetism, physics educators, and anyone involved in electrostatics who seeks to understand the behavior of charged conductors in electric fields.

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Homework Statement


Find the potential outside a charged metal sphere (charge Q, radius R) placed in an otherwise uniform electric field E_0. Explain clearly where you are setting the zero of potential.

Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution


If I set the 0 of the potential at the surface of the sphere (which I can do because it is at an equipotential because it is a conductor), then I don't see how the analysis is different than Example 3.8?
 
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If the sphere is at V=0, then infinity is at -Q/R.
To be consistent with other potentials, you should keep phi(infinity)=0.
Then the analysis is the same, but phi=Q/R+phi(grounded sphere).
 
pam said:
If the sphere is at V=0, then infinity is at -Q/R.

How did you get that? Did you do that in your head?
 
pam said:
If the sphere is at V=0, then infinity is at -Q/R.
To be consistent with other potentials, you should keep phi(infinity)=0.
Then the analysis is the same, but phi=Q/R+phi(grounded sphere).

Err -- given the uniform E field, the potential at infinity is always infinite. I think ehrenfest had the right idea -- make the conductor of potential zero, and do the necessary algebra. I don't have the book, so I don't know if it reduces to some other problem in there.
 
I meant the potential due only to the sphere, which is added to the -zE_0.
If the conducting sphere has charge Q, there will be the additional potential,
Q/R. Yes, done in my head.
But, do it your way if you want.
 
rethink where you set V = 0 and consider example 3.8
 

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