Sketching solids given spherical coordinate inequalities

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SUMMARY

The solid defined by the spherical coordinates (ρ, φ, θ) with the inequalities 0≤ρ≤1 and 0≤φ≤(π/2) represents the upper hemisphere of a sphere with a radius of 1, centered on the z-axis. The absence of constraints on θ indicates that it is a free variable, allowing for a full rotation around the z-axis. This results in a semicircular cross-section for any fixed value of θ. Understanding these properties is crucial for accurately sketching the solid in three-dimensional space.

PREREQUISITES
  • Spherical coordinates and their interpretation
  • Basic geometry of spheres
  • Understanding of inequalities in three-dimensional space
  • Knowledge of angular measurements in radians
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  • Study the properties of spherical coordinates in detail
  • Learn how to convert between spherical and Cartesian coordinates
  • Explore visualizations of three-dimensional solids
  • Investigate the implications of free variables in geometric representations
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Students in mathematics, particularly those studying multivariable calculus, geometry enthusiasts, and educators looking to enhance their understanding of three-dimensional shapes and spherical coordinates.

yango_17
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Homework Statement


Sketch the solid whose spherical coordinates (ρ, φ, θ):
0≤ρ≤1, 0≤φ≤(pi/2)

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


I was thinking that since ρ represented the distance from the point of the origin and φ represented the angle between the positive z-axis and the ray through the origin and any point, that the surface represented by such an inequality would be something like the top hemisphere of a 3d sphere. Any feedback would be appreciated.
 
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yango_17 said:

Homework Statement


Sketch the solid whose spherical coordinates (ρ, φ, θ):
0≤ρ≤1, 0≤φ≤(pi/2)

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


I was thinking that since ρ represented the distance from the point of the origin and φ represented the angle between the positive z-axis and the ray through the origin and any point, that the surface represented by such an inequality would be something like the top hemisphere of a 3d sphere. Any feedback would be appreciated.
So far, so good. For a better description, what is the radius of the hemisphere, and where is its center (i.e., the center of the sphere that the hemisphere is half of)?

For extra credit, what does it mean that θ doesn't appear in the inequalities?
 
The radius of the hemisphere would be 1, and the center would be on the z-axis. I'm not entirely sure what the absence of θ signifies.
 
yango_17 said:
The radius of the hemisphere would be 1, and the center would be on the z-axis. I'm not entirely sure what the absence of θ signifies.
The center is at a particular point on the z-axis. Care to guess which one?

The fact that θ is absent means that there are no constraints on θ -- it is a free variable. For a given value of θ, you would get a semicircle.
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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