MHB Solve triple square Diophantine equation

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The discussion focuses on solving the Diophantine equation X^2 + Y^2 = aZ^2, where 'a' is an integer. It highlights that specific forms of the equation can yield straightforward solutions, such as y^2 + ax^2 = z^2, with solutions expressed in terms of integers p and s. However, for certain variations of the equation, deriving a simple formula is challenging. The conversation also references related number theory problems and encourages sharing additional formulas and solutions. Overall, the thread aims to clarify the conditions under which solutions exist for these types of equations.
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Once you know how to solve it, then explain how to solve Diophantine equation:

$$X^2+Y^2=aZ^2$$

$$a$$ - integer. Write the equation when it has a solution.
 
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Thank you!
When you need an answer I will give a link to it.
 
For example for such equation:

$$y^2+ax^2=z^2$$

The solutions have the form:

$$y=p^2-as^2$$

$$x=2ps$$

$$z=p^2+as^2$$

For example for such equation:

$$y^2+ax^2=az^2$$

The solutions have the form:

$$y=2aps$$

$$x=ap^2-s^2$$

$$z=ap^2+s^2$$

$$p,s$$ - integers.
But for such equations, of which I said, to write a simple formula is impossible. I wonder why?
 
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