Solving Coulomb Barrier Penetrability with a Confusing Formula

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the calculation of the probability of protons penetrating the Coulomb barrier using the formula Probability = exp [ (- (EG/E)) ^ 0.5]. The user initially struggles with substituting the values of Gamow energy (EG = 493 keV) and energy (E = 2 eV) into the formula, leading to confusion over the negative result. The correct approach involves dividing EG by E first, then taking the square root of the negative value, applying the negative sign afterward, and finally calculating the exponential. The final result is confirmed to be 1.5 x 10^7.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics concepts, specifically the Coulomb barrier.
  • Familiarity with the Gamow energy concept in nuclear physics.
  • Basic knowledge of exponential functions and logarithms.
  • Proficiency in using scientific calculators for complex calculations.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the Coulomb barrier formula in nuclear physics.
  • Learn about the significance of Gamow energy in nuclear reactions.
  • Explore advanced topics in quantum tunneling and its applications.
  • Practice solving problems involving exponential decay and probability in quantum mechanics.
USEFUL FOR

Students and researchers in nuclear physics, particularly those studying quantum mechanics and the behavior of particles in potential barriers. This discussion is also beneficial for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of the mathematical techniques used in physics calculations.

daleklama
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Homework Statement



There isn't an exact problem I'm struggling with, it's one small part of a larger problem, which involves finding the probability protons will penetrate the Coulomb barrier.

I'm trying to understand an example in my notes, and the bit that confuses me is attached as an image file.

Homework Equations



The equation is shown in the attachment, and I know it's correct.

Probability = exp [ (- (EG/E)) ^ 0.5]

The Attempt at a Solution



Basically what I don't understand is simple - how the answer was found using the formula.

EG (Gamow energy) is 493 kev, E is 2 ev, but when those are subbed into the formula, my notes say you should get 1.5 x 10 ^ 7.

When I try to work it out on my calculator, it says error.

I firstly divide - EG/E, get a negative number = - 246.5
Then I try to put it to the power of a half (same as taking the square root) and I can't, because it's a minus number. I know you can't perform that operation with a minus number.
And then you're supposed to take the exponential, but I haven't managed to put it to the power of a half yet!

How on Earth does this formula work? The number you're trying to put to the power of a half is always going to be negative! :(

I'm stumped!

Hope the attachment works okay, thank you for any help.
 

Attachments

  • whatdoesthismean.jpg
    whatdoesthismean.jpg
    7.1 KB · Views: 506
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Apologies, I've solved it!

If anyone wants to know the solution:

With that kind of equation, you're supposed to divide first, THEN put it to the power of a half, THEN add in the minus sign, THEN take the exponential.

Sorry guys!
 

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