Solving EM Wave Questions: Polarization, Direction, Phase Velocity, Amplitude

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on analyzing an electromagnetic (EM) wave represented by the equation (-2\vec{e}_x+2\sqrt{3}\vec{e}_y+3\vec{e}_z)E_0e^{i[\omega t-a(\sqrt{3}x+y)]}. The wave is determined to be linearly polarized, propagating in the direction of \vec{k}=a(\sqrt{3},1,0) in the x-y plane. The phase velocity is calculated as v_{ph}=\frac{\omega}{2|a|}, and the amplitude is confirmed to be 5E_0. The wave is classified as transverse, as the electric field vector is perpendicular to the direction of propagation for all values of 'a'.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electromagnetic wave equations
  • Familiarity with Euler's formula
  • Knowledge of phase velocity calculations
  • Concept of transverse waves and their properties
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the plane wave equation in electromagnetic theory
  • Learn about the properties of linear polarization in EM waves
  • Explore the relationship between phase velocity and wave propagation in different media
  • Investigate the mathematical implications of the dot product in vector analysis
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics, particularly those studying electromagnetism, wave mechanics, and vector calculus. This discussion is beneficial for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of EM wave properties and behaviors.

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Homework Statement


Hey, I've been given this EM-wave:
(-2\vec{e}_x+2\sqrt{3}\vec{e}_y+3\vec{e}_z)E_0e^{i[\omega t-a(\sqrt{3}x+y)]} with a∈ℝ

1) Describe the wave and how it's polarized.
2) In what direction does the wave propagate?
3) What is the phase velocity of the wave?
4) What is the amplitude?
5) Is it a transverse wave?

2. Homework Equations

1: Plane wave equation:
E_0cos(wt-\vec{k}\vec{r}+\phi_0) and e^{ix}=cos(x)+isin(x)
3: Phase velocity:
v_{ph}=\frac{\omega}{k}

The Attempt at a Solution


1) I think it's a plane wave. With Euler's formula I get
(-2\vec{e}_x+2\sqrt{3}\vec{e}_y+3\vec{e}_z)E_0[cos(\omega t-a(\sqrt{3}x+y))+isin(\omega t-a(\sqrt{3}x+y))]
I guess (-2\vec{e}_x+2\sqrt{3}\vec{e}_y+3\vec{e}_z)E_0cos(\omega t-a(\sqrt{3}x+y)) is what I have to look at?

I'm really not sure about the polarization of the wave. My best guess is that it's linearly polarized, because all 3 directions have the same phase at all times.

2) I would say it moves in the direction of \vec{k}=a(\sqrt{3},1,0) in the x-y plane? (I can assume that the wave propagates in vacuum when it's not stated?)

3) v_{ph}=\frac{\omega}{|\vec{k}|}=\frac{\omega}{2|a|} Can I calculate the frequency (\omega) by what is given? Or is it c since it's in vacuum. Is it in vacuum?
(v_{ph}=\frac{\omega}{k}=\frac{\lambda2\pi ν}{2\pi}=c)
4) Pretty sure about this one:
5E_0

5) I've read that transverse waves are waves that are oscillating perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
And I've heard that this is a transverse wave. But (-2,2\sqrt{3},3) is perpendicular to \vec{k}=a(\sqrt{3},1,0) only when a=1 or 0 and not for all a?

Sorry for all the questions in the post :confused: I really appreciate any answers or corrections :)
 
Last edited:
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You seems sound for the most part. Given the form of the wave (no absorption or anything like that), it seems to be in a vacuum with a dispersion relation ω = c k.
For question 5, think about the dot product.
 
DelcrossA said:
You seems sound for the most part. Given the form of the wave (no absorption or anything like that), it seems to be in a vacuum with a dispersion relation ω = c k.
For question 5, think about the dot product.

Thanks for the reply :)
The dot product between \vec{k}=a(\sqrt3,1,0) and (-2,2\sqrt3,3) is a(-2)\sqrt3+2a\sqrt3+0=0 => \vec{k} \perp (-2,2\sqrt3,3) oh yea I see my mistake now, it works for all a. Thanks :)
Beside that is the rest correct?
 

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