Solving Water Nozzle Problem: Ratio of Plug Radius to Hose Radius

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on determining the ratio of the plug radius to the hose radius in an adjustable nozzle for a garden hose, where the water speed around the plug is four times greater than the initial speed. The equation of continuity, represented as (P1)(A1)(V1) = (P2)(A2)(V2), is utilized to derive the relationship between the areas and velocities. The initial calculation incorrectly yields a ratio of 0.5 for the plug to hose radius, instead of the desired ratio of the plug radius to the hose radius. The correct approach requires focusing on the relationship between the plug and hose dimensions directly.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of fluid dynamics principles, specifically the equation of continuity.
  • Familiarity with cylindrical geometry and area calculations.
  • Knowledge of velocity ratios in fluid flow.
  • Basic algebra skills for manipulating equations.
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  • Review the derivation of the equation of continuity in fluid dynamics.
  • Study the relationship between velocity and cross-sectional area in fluid flow.
  • Explore practical applications of adjustable nozzles in fluid mechanics.
  • Investigate common mistakes in fluid dynamics calculations and how to avoid them.
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Engineers, physics students, and anyone involved in fluid dynamics or mechanical design, particularly those working with fluid flow systems and nozzle designs.

curryman24
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THE PROBLEM
In an adjustable nozzle for a garden hose, a cylindrical plug is aligned along the axis of the hose and can be inserted into the hose opening. The purpose of the plug is to change the speed of the water leaving the hose. The speed of the water passing around the plug is to be 4 times greater than the speed of the water before it encounters the plug. Find the ratio of the plug radius to the inside hose radius.

The attempt at a solution:

I do know the equation of continuity and it is

(P1)(A1)(V1)= (P2)(A2)(V2)

and I used this to say that the pressure is going to be constant throughout the problem so it can be canceled.

So,
(A1)(V1)= (A2)(V2)
(πr1^2)(V1) = (πr2^2)(V2)
(r1^2)(V1) = (r2^2)(V2)
and V2= (4V1)
so (r1^2)(V1) = (r2^2)(4V1)
(r1^2) = (4r2^2)
(r2/r1) = 0.5

HOWEVER, this is wrong...please help.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
You have found the ratio of the equivalent "hole" to the hose instead of the ratio of the "plug" to the hose.
 

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