Space-Time Dilemma: Explaining Earth & Eris Orbits

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In summary, the Theory of Relativity explains the concept of a 4 dimensional space-time fabric, where the sun creates a well and planets orbit around it due to gravity. However, the case of Eris, which orbits the sun in a different plane, may seem confusing. In reality, the fabric is distorted by the mass of the sun in a spherically symmetric manner, allowing for multiple orbits in different planes. The idea of a bent fabric is just an analogy and the mathematics of general relativity can provide a better understanding.
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Smazmbazm
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Hi there

I understand the general idea about the Theory of Relativity and the idea of a 4 dimensional space-time fabric, how the sun ( a mass ) sits on the fabric and creates a well on which the planets sit and therefore orbit the sun due to gravity. But how does one explain the case of Eris, who's orbit is around the sun as well, yet completely off this so called plane. How can, say, Earth and Eris exist at the same time, each moving across this fabric while orbiting the sun? If you visualise this space-time fabric from the point of someone watching both Eris and the Earth orbiting the Sun, how would the fabric look like? Theoretically wouldn't the well that the Sun creates in this fabric push the Sun closer to Earth? Does Eris's elliptical orbit contribute in any way?

To incorporate both orbits at the same time wouldn't this imply that it has to be bent so that the Earth orbits the Sun but at the same time Eris orbits it. This seems a bit strange to comprehend, maybe I'm thinking of it incorrectly but could anyone answer this?
 
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The idea of a bent fabric is just an analogy to help you understand - it should not be taken too literally. In fact, it is the four-dimensional space-time 'fabric' which is distorted by the mass of the sun. Since the sun is spherically symmetric, this distortion is spherically symmetric as well, meaning the distortion is the same at any distance from the sun, regardless of the direction. So an orbit around the sun can be in any plane, and multiple bodies can orbit in different planes, as is the case with Earth and Eris. I know it is hard to visualize - try studying the mathematics of general relativity and I think you will understand better.
 

FAQ: Space-Time Dilemma: Explaining Earth & Eris Orbits

Why do Earth and Eris have different orbits?

Earth and Eris have different orbits due to their different masses and distances from the sun. Earth is closer to the sun and has a smaller mass, so it experiences a stronger gravitational pull from the sun. Eris, on the other hand, is much farther away from the sun and has a larger mass, so it experiences a weaker gravitational pull from the sun.

How does space-time affect the orbits of Earth and Eris?

Space-time is the fabric of the universe that is affected by the presence of mass. The larger the mass, the more it curves space-time. This curvature of space-time is what causes objects to orbit around each other. In the case of Earth and Eris, their orbits are affected by the curvature of space-time created by the sun's massive gravitational pull.

Why does Eris have a highly elliptical orbit compared to Earth's nearly circular orbit?

Eris has a highly elliptical orbit because it is much farther away from the sun than Earth. This means that Eris has a larger distance to travel around the sun, and it also experiences a weaker gravitational pull. As a result, Eris's orbit is more affected by the gravitational pull of other large objects in the outer solar system, causing its orbit to become more elongated.

How do scientists explain the precise timing of Earth and Eris in their orbits?

The precise timing of Earth and Eris in their orbits is due to the laws of physics, specifically the laws of gravity and motion. These laws dictate how objects with mass interact with each other and how they move through space. By studying and understanding these laws, scientists can accurately predict the movements and positions of Earth and Eris in their orbits.

Can space-time be manipulated to change the orbits of Earth and Eris?

While space-time can be affected by the presence of mass, it cannot be manipulated or changed to alter the orbits of Earth and Eris. The laws of physics are constant and apply to all objects in the universe, including Earth and Eris. The only way to change the orbits of these objects would be to alter their masses or the masses of other objects in their vicinity, which is not currently possible with our technology.

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