Spin 1/2 in B-field polarization direction?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the behavior of a spin 1/2 particle in a uniform magnetic field, specifically how its polarization direction evolves over time. The magnetic moment is defined as μ = m₀σ, and the Hamiltonian for the system is given by H = -γ(B · S), where B is the magnetic field vector and S is the spin matrix. The initial state of the particle is (1, 0) in the z-direction, and the challenge is to determine the polarization direction at t > 0. Key equations include the interaction energy H = -μB and the Hamiltonian incorporating the Pauli spin matrix.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics, specifically spin 1/2 particles
  • Familiarity with Hamiltonian mechanics and perturbation theory
  • Knowledge of magnetic moments and their relation to spin
  • Proficiency in spherical coordinates and vector calculus
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the time evolution of quantum states using the Schrödinger equation
  • Learn about the dynamics of spin in magnetic fields, focusing on the Bloch sphere representation
  • Explore the implications of the Pauli matrices in quantum mechanics
  • Investigate the effects of time-dependent perturbations on quantum systems
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics students, quantum mechanics researchers, and anyone interested in the dynamics of spin 1/2 particles in magnetic fields.

valtorEN
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spin 1/2 in B-field polarization direction??

Homework Statement



A spin 1/2 particle with magnetic momnet mu=mnot*sigma is placed in

uniform B-field, where the magnetic field is pointing in (theta,phi) direction

in spherical coordinates

At t=0, the particle is in the (1 0) state, i.e. sigma(z)=1 and the polarization

direction is =e3 (z hat direction).

Find out the polarization direction of the particle at t>0.



Homework Equations



the theory of spin is like angular momentum

magnetic moment mu=-gamma*S

S=spin matrix

S^2|sm>=hbar^2s(s+1)|sm>

and Sz|sm>=hbar*m|sm>


The Attempt at a Solution



Not sure how to approach this one, i assume that the particle is at rest in the B-field

the Hamiltonian for a spinning charged particle in B-field is H=-gamma*(B dot S)

this is a time-DEPENDENT perturbation

how can i realte what is given to the polarization direction?

cheers
nate:biggrin:
 
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ok, let me try this again

H=-mu*B (this is the interaction energy between spin and B-field)

for a particle of spin 1/2, with magnetic moment mu=mu(s)*S

the Hamiltonian is h=1/2*m(p-q/c*A)^2-mu*B

B=BX+BY+BZ (where i need to put B into spherical coordinates)

so if i have the B-field in the z-direction, A=(-By,0,0)

so...

H=1/2*m[(px^2+py^2+pz^2)+(2*q*B*px/c)*y+(qB/c)^2*y^2]-(mu*B/S)Sz

is this correct? i have a Hamilton with Sz in it which is given as sigma(z)=1 (pauli spin matrix)
 

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