Strange inequality of infinite series

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around an inequality involving infinite series derived from a sequence of positive real numbers. Participants explore the implications of the inequality, its validity, and specific cases that may challenge or support the general statement. The context includes aspects of complex analysis and convergence of series.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant presents an inequality involving a sequence $\{a_j\}$ and questions whether it can lead to conclusions about the convergence of the series with $+\epsilon$.
  • Another participant suggests that the inequality may hold only for $0<\varepsilon<\rho$, rather than for all $\varepsilon >0$.
  • A different participant points out that the sequence $a_{j} = \ln (2+j)$ meets the conditions but leads to divergence of the series $\sum_{j=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{a_{j}^{\alpha}}$ for any real $\alpha$, indicating a potential flaw in the original statement.
  • Another participant introduces a specific case involving the zeros of an entire function, defining parameters related to the convergence of these zeros and claiming a relationship between two quantities, $\rho$ and $b$, while expressing uncertainty about proving one direction of the inequality.
  • This participant also notes that they can show convergence for a related series but are unsure how to extend this to the original inequality.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the validity and implications of the inequality. There is no consensus on whether the inequality is universally true or under what conditions it may hold. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the broader implications of the inequality and its specific cases.

Contextual Notes

Some participants highlight limitations in the original statement, particularly regarding specific sequences that diverge despite meeting the initial conditions. There are also unresolved mathematical steps related to proving the relationship between $\rho$ and $b$.

pantboio
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Hi everybody,
while doing a complex analysis exercise, i came to a strange inequality which i don't know how to interpret. Suppose you have a sequence $\{a_j\}$ of positive real number. Let $\rho$ a positive real number. The inequality i found after some calculation is
$$\sum_{j=1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{|a_j|^{\rho +\epsilon}}\leq \sum_{j=1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{|a_j|^{\rho-\epsilon}}$$
for every $\epsilon>0$.
My question is: can i deduce something from this inequality? for example the convergence of the first series (that with $+\epsilon$)? Can i deduce nothing? Is that inequality surely false?
EDIT: the sequence $a_j$ tends to $\infty$
Kind regards
 
Last edited:
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pantboio said:
Hi everybody,
while doing a complex analysis exercise, i came to a strange inequality which i don't know how to interpret. Suppose you have a sequence $\{a_j\}$ of positive real number. Let $\rho$ a positive real number. The inequality i found after some calculation is
$$\sum_{j=1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{|a_j|^{\rho +\epsilon}}\leq \sum_{j=1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{|a_j|^{\rho-\epsilon}}$$
for every $\epsilon>0$.
My question is: can i deduce something from this inequality? for example the convergence of the first series (that with $+\epsilon$)? Can i deduce nothing? Is that inequality surely false?
EDIT: the sequence $a_j$ tends to $\infty$
Kind regards

May be that the inequality holds for every $0<\varepsilon<\rho$ and not for every $\varepsilon >0$...

Kind regards

$\chi$ $\sigma$
 
Another not full clear aspect is that the particular sequence $a_{j} = \ln (2+j)$ satisfies the conditions [all terms are positives and the sequence is unbounded...] , but the series $\displaystyle \sum_{j=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{a_{j}^{\alpha}}$ diverges for any real $\alpha$. I think that the entire statement of the question should be revised...

Kind regards

$\chi$ $\sigma$
 
chisigma said:
Another not full clear aspect is that the particular sequence $a_{j} = \ln (2+j)$ satisfies the conditions [all terms are positives and the sequence is unbounded...] , but the series $\displaystyle \sum_{j=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{a_{j}^{\alpha}}$ diverges for any real $\alpha$. I think that the entire statement of the question should be revised...

Kind regards

$\chi$ $\sigma$
I think so too. As soon as i'll have clearer ideas i'll post a more precise question
 
Take $a_j=|z_j|$, where $\{z_j\}$ is the sequence of zeros of an entire function. We suppose $|z_j|\rightarrow +\infty$. Then we introduce two numbers:$b$ which is the exponent of convergence of $\{z_j\}$, defined as the $\inf B$ where $B$ is the set of all $\lambda>0$ such that the series $\sum_{j=1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{|z_j|^{\lambda}}$ converges. The second quantity is $\rho$, which is
$$\rho=\limsup_{r\rightarrow +\infty}\frac{log\ n(r)}{log\ r}$$
where $n(r)$ is the counting function of $\{z_j\}$, i.e. $n(r)$ is defined to be the number of zeros $z_j$ which satisfy the inequality $|z_j|\leq r$.
CLAIM : $\rho=b$

In order to prove the claim i use the definition of $\limsup$. We have
$$\rho=\inf\{s>0\ \textrm{s.t.} \frac{log\ n(r)}{log\ r}\leq s\ \forall r\geq r_s\}$$Hence, for every $\epsilon>0$ we have
$$r^{\rho-\epsilon}<n(r)<r^{\rho+\epsilon}$$
definitely for $r$ big enough. From the second inequality we have
$$\sum_{j=1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{|z_j|^{\rho-\epsilon}}\geq\sum_{j=1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n(|z_j|)}=\infty$$
where we assume an enumeration of $z_j$'s such that $|z_1|<|z_2|<\ldots$. This shows that $\rho-\epsilon$ is not in $B$ for every $\epsilon$ and so we have $\rho\leq b$.

The opposite inequality $b\leq \rho$ is what i can't actually prove.
What i can prove is that $\sum_{j=1}^{+\infty}\frac{n(|z_j|)}{|z_j|^{1+\rho+\epsilon}}$ converges $\forall \epsilon$, but i don't know the way to deduce from this what i need, i.e. that $\sum\frac{1}{|z_j|^{\rho+\epsilon}}$ converges
 
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