Tension of string of pendulum at lowest point

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The discussion centers on calculating the tension in a string at the lowest point of a pendulum swing. A 2.5-kg object is released from a 40-degree angle, and conservation of mechanical energy is applied to determine its velocity at the lowest point. The tension force, acting perpendicular to the object's path, does no work, allowing for the use of energy conservation principles. By calculating the velocity and applying centripetal acceleration, the tension is found to be 42N. This approach effectively combines energy conservation with dynamics to solve the problem.
jack1234
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I have tried the following question in direction of conservation of mechanical energy, but not sure how this related to the tension of string.

A 2.5-kg object suspended from the ceiling by a string that has a length of 2.5 m is released from rest with the string 40 below the horizontal position. What is the tension in the string at the instant the object passes through its lowest position?

How to solve this question?
 
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You're able to use the conservation of mechanical energy because zero work is done on the object by non-conservative forces. The only non-conservative force acting is the tension force, but it acts perpendicular to the path of the object at every instant, and so it does zero work.

Does this help or are you still stuck?
 
the idea is to use conservation of energy to get the velocity at the bottom... then use centripetal acceleration ideas to get the force of tension...
 
I see thanks for the help:)
Ans is 42N.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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