The Quantum Computer and beamsplitter

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the conceptual framework of quantum computers (QCs) and their operation using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The user seeks to understand how a 1 qubit QC can process two binary inputs (0 or 1) to determine which is larger, utilizing a black box mechanism for processing. The conversation highlights the need for a visual schema incorporating beamsplitters and other optical components to illustrate the QC's functionality in this simple task. The reference to an optical CNOT gate further emphasizes the practical applications of quantum computing in performing specific tasks.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum bits (qubits) and their representation of multiple states.
  • Familiarity with the Mach–Zehnder interferometer and its role in quantum mechanics.
  • Knowledge of optical components such as beamsplitters and mirrors used in quantum computing.
  • Basic principles of quantum gates, specifically the optical CNOT gate.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the implementation of quantum algorithms using qubits.
  • Study the design and function of the Mach–Zehnder interferometer in quantum optics.
  • Explore the construction and operation of optical quantum gates, including the CNOT gate.
  • Investigate practical examples of quantum computing tasks and their optical implementations.
USEFUL FOR

Quantum computing enthusiasts, physicists, optical engineers, and anyone interested in the practical applications of quantum mechanics in computing.

zrek
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Dear fellows, please help me to imagine the physical working of a quantum computer (QC).
I have read here ( http://www.cs.rice.edu/~taha/teaching/05F/210/news/2005_09_16.htm ) that the basic idea behind it is the phenomenon that you can find in the Mach–Zehnder interferometer

But how come this two together exactly? A computer have (say) 3 parts: input, a processing apparatus, and output. Consider the following schema of a 1 qbit QC (on the picture: two inputs, one output and a black box in the middle)

I'd like to outline the simplest task possible.
Let's say that the I1 and I2 are 1 bit "numeric" inputs ( 0 or 1 ) and the task of the QC is to tell which number is bigger, and tell "1" as answer on the "A1" if the I1 is the greater.

Since it is a QC, the inner state of the 1 qbit will represent all of the possible answers at once. The task of the black box is to make the inputs on the left to fit to the system, allow the quantum states to process and read out somehow the correct answer and put it on the output line.

I think that this task should be easy to implement. (If I'm wrong, I accept any other tasks as example)

Would someone be so kind and draw a simple schema, with beamsplitters (or any kind of apparatus that is use to be set up in a system like this -- for example bbo-s, mirrors, etc) that implements the task of the black box described above?
It would be very effective and enjoyable to see a complete schema that represents a QC for a specific simple task, from the input to the output. I'd love it.

Thank you very much!
 

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It is great, I like it, thank you!
 

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