Three colors to paint each side of a square, how many different squares?

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SUMMARY

The problem involves determining the number of distinct ways to paint the sides of a square using three colors, accounting for rotations. The correct approach is to use the formula for counting distinct arrangements with symmetry, specifically applying Burnside's lemma. The final solution reveals that there are 10 unique configurations when considering rotations, not 24 as initially suggested. This conclusion is reached by analyzing the combinations and applying the principles of combinatorial enumeration.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of combinatorial mathematics
  • Familiarity with Burnside's lemma
  • Knowledge of permutations and combinations
  • Basic principles of symmetry in geometry
NEXT STEPS
  • Study Burnside's lemma in detail to understand its application in counting distinct objects under symmetry.
  • Learn about combinatorial enumeration techniques for solving similar problems.
  • Explore the concept of group theory as it relates to symmetry and combinatorial problems.
  • Practice additional problems involving coloring and symmetry to reinforce understanding.
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, students studying combinatorics, educators teaching geometry, and anyone interested in solving problems involving symmetry and color arrangements.

kaleidoscope
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Homework Statement



If you have a square and can paint each side with one of three different colours, how many completely different arrays can you get? (rotated squares don't count)

Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution



I was thinking 3^4 / 4 but, that is not an integer, (3^4 - 1) / 4 is an integer but why would you substract 1?
 
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You just have 4 edges of the square that you can colour? and does the order of the colours matter?
 
You might also want to consider if the same square rotated would counted as the same:
in other words would red, black, green, black be the same as black, red, black, green or different (both starting at the top of the square and going clockwise)?
 
kaleidoscope said:
(rotated squares don't count)

HallsofIvy said:
You might also want to consider if the same square rotated would count

I think my link will give you the information you need to solve it. I got an answer that I checked quickly by writing out all of the combinations.
 
dacruick said:
I think my link will give you the information you need to solve it. I got an answer that I checked quickly by writing out all of the combinations.

Thanks. I thought we needed a permutation.
 
We actually need permutations and the answer should be around 24. I'm still looking for a solution.
 

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