Total energy of a spring-mass system (harmonic motion)

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The total energy of a spring-mass system undergoing harmonic motion can be calculated using the equation E = K + U = (1/2)mvx^2 + (1/2)kx^2. In this discussion, a 507 g mass oscillates with an amplitude of 10 cm on a spring with a spring constant of 20 N/m. The correct total energy at maximum amplitude is determined to be 0.1 J using the formula E = (1/2)kA^2, confirming that the energy calculation must consider units in meters for accurate results.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of harmonic motion principles
  • Familiarity with spring constant and mass-spring systems
  • Ability to convert units (e.g., cm to m)
  • Knowledge of kinetic and potential energy equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the total mechanical energy in harmonic motion
  • Learn about the implications of amplitude on energy in spring systems
  • Explore the relationship between mass, velocity, and energy in oscillatory systems
  • Investigate the effects of damping on the energy of a spring-mass system
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and oscillatory motion, as well as educators teaching concepts related to energy in spring-mass systems.

Terp
Messages
40
Reaction score
0
Hi all. I've this problem and I'm stuck on the part where I have to find the total energy.

Homework Statement


A 507 g mass oscillates with an amplitude of 10 cm on a spring whose spring constant is 20 N/m. At t =0s the mass is 5.0 cm to the right of the equilibrium position and moving to the right.

Homework Equations



E = K + U = (1/2)mvx^2 + (1/2)kx^2

I've already figured out the period to be 1.00s, the angular frequency is 6.28 rad/s, phase constant is -1.05 rad, initial velocity is .544 m/s, and final is .628 m/s. I know all of these to be correct.

The Attempt at a Solution



Using the equation above and plugging numbers in I get:

(1/2)(.507kg)(.544^2) + (1/2)(20Nm)(5.0cm^2) = 250.075J but this online homework thing says it's wrong. Should I use E = (1/2)m*vmax^2? That only gives .09J.

Anybody have any clue? Thanks a lot!
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
Check your units.
 
Thanks for the reply. I noticed that the 5.0cm isn't in meters, I changed it to .05m, which changed the resulting energy to 0.100J, but that seems low.
 
Terp said:
I noticed that the 5.0cm isn't in meters, I changed it to .05m, which changed the resulting energy to 0.100J, but that seems low.
Why not choose another point to compare? Hint: Find the energy when it's at max amplitude.
 
That would mean E = 1/2kA^2 = (1/2)*20*.10^2 = .1J. Does that sound correct? It seems too small to be correct.

EDIT: Now that I think about it, .5kg isn't very heave and .544 m/s is pretty darn slow.
 
Last edited:
Sounds good to me!
 
That was right, thanks a lot! I feel like a tard now! :)
 

Similar threads

Replies
7
Views
1K
Replies
16
Views
2K
Replies
3
Views
851
Replies
17
Views
2K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
1K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
1K
  • · Replies 20 ·
Replies
20
Views
4K
  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
1K
Replies
6
Views
2K
Replies
25
Views
1K